Embryology Flashcards
What term is given to the developing baby from when fertilisation occurs to the end of week 3?
Conceptus
What term is given to the developing baby from week 4 to week 8?
Embryo
What term is given to the developing baby from week 9 to birth?
Foetus
What are the 6 phases of embryonic development?
Gametogenesis Fertilisation Cleavage Gastrulation Morphogenesis Organogenesis
What occurs in gametogenesis?
Formation of germ cells (sperm, ovum)
What occurs in fertilisation?
Formation of zygote
What happens in cleavage?
Rapid cell division
What happens in gastrulation?
Formation of germ layers (ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm)
What happens in morphogenesis?
Folding of embryo forms 3D human-like shape
What is the site of fertilisation?
Ampulla of the uterine tube
What will the ectoderm go on to produce?
Skin
Nervous system
What will the mesoderm go on to produce?
Organs
What will the endoderm go on to produce?
Lining of gut
Lung bud
What is the zona pellucida?
Tough protein coat surrounding oocyte to give it protection
In cleavage, zygote divides into morula and then further into blastomeres. How many celled blastomeres are totipotent (can give rise to any cell/structure)?
8-cell blastomeres are totipotent
16 cell = blastocyst
The hypoblast and the epiblast give rise to…
Hypoblast = yolk sac = ENDODERM Epiblast = amniotic cavity = ECTODERM
Where is the normal site for implantation?
Middle/upper dorsal uterine wall
When does the interatrial septum develop? What are the two types?
Wk 4
Primum (flexible)
Secundum (more rigid)
What is the foramen ovale?
Communication between right and left atria that continues until birth
Give the two main parts of the interventricular septum…
Muscular - most common least severe defect
Membranous - v severe defect
A cardiac syndrome involving the aorta exiting the right ventricle and the pulmonary trunk the left ventricle causing deoxygenated blood to be pumped around the body…
Transposition of great vessels
What are the 4 components of Tetralogy of Fallot?
Ventricular septal Defect
Right ventricular hypertrophy
Overriding aorta
Pulmonary stenosis
DONT ‘DROP’ THE BABY
