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Y1 PRINCIPLES > Embryology > Flashcards

Embryology Flashcards

1
Q

What term is given to the developing baby from when fertilisation occurs to the end of week 3?

A

Conceptus

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2
Q

What term is given to the developing baby from week 4 to week 8?

A

Embryo

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3
Q

What term is given to the developing baby from week 9 to birth?

A

Foetus

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4
Q

What are the 6 phases of embryonic development?

A

Gametogenesis Fertilisation Cleavage Gastrulation Morphogenesis Organogenesis

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5
Q

What occurs in gametogenesis?

A

Formation of germ cells (sperm, ovum)

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6
Q

What occurs in fertilisation?

A

Formation of zygote

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7
Q

What happens in cleavage?

A

Rapid cell division

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8
Q

What happens in gastrulation?

A

Formation of germ layers (ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm)

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9
Q

What happens in morphogenesis?

A

Folding of embryo forms 3D human-like shape

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10
Q

What is the site of fertilisation?

A

Ampulla of the uterine tube

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11
Q

What will the ectoderm go on to produce?

A

Skin

Nervous system

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12
Q

What will the mesoderm go on to produce?

A

Organs

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13
Q

What will the endoderm go on to produce?

A

Lining of gut

Lung bud

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14
Q

What is the zona pellucida?

A

Tough protein coat surrounding oocyte to give it protection

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15
Q

In cleavage, zygote divides into morula and then further into blastomeres. How many celled blastomeres are totipotent (can give rise to any cell/structure)?

A

8-cell blastomeres are totipotent

16 cell = blastocyst

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16
Q

The hypoblast and the epiblast give rise to…

A 
Hypoblast = yolk sac = ENDODERM
Epiblast = amniotic cavity = ECTODERM
17
Q

Where is the normal site for implantation?

A

Middle/upper dorsal uterine wall

18
Q

When does the interatrial septum develop? What are the two types?

A

Wk 4
Primum (flexible)
Secundum (more rigid)

19
Q

What is the foramen ovale?

A

Communication between right and left atria that continues until birth

20
Q

Give the two main parts of the interventricular septum…

A

Muscular - most common least severe defect

Membranous - v severe defect

21
Q

A cardiac syndrome involving the aorta exiting the right ventricle and the pulmonary trunk the left ventricle causing deoxygenated blood to be pumped around the body…

A

Transposition of great vessels

22
Q

What are the 4 components of Tetralogy of Fallot?

A

Ventricular septal Defect
Right ventricular hypertrophy
Overriding aorta
Pulmonary stenosis

DONT ‘DROP’ THE BABY

Y1 PRINCIPLES (10 decks)

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