Embryology Flashcards
what does the truncus arteriosus turns into?
the ascending aorta and pulmonary trunk
what does the bulbus cordis turn into?
the smooth parts of the left and right
the primitive atria and ventricle turn into the…
trebeculated part of the L and R atria and ventricles
What does the primitive pulmonary vein give rise to?
the smooth part of the L atrium
the left horn of the sinus venosus gives rise to what?
the coronary sinus (right behind and under the atria)
the right horn of the SV gives rise to…
the smooth part of the right atrium
the right atrium pools which veins together?
the Superior and Inferior vena cava
the left atrium pools which veins together?
the pulmonary veins!
the right common cardinal vein and right anterior cardinal vein give rise to what?
the superior vena cava
when does the heart start to beat spontaneously?
week 4 of development
(T/F) the heart is the first functional organ in vertebrate embryos
true
The septum _1_ grows toward _2_ cushions, narrowing _3_ primum. This is step 1 of septation of the (atria/ventricles)
- primum
- endocardial
- foramen
atria
Step 2 of atrial septation: the foramen secundum forms in the septum _1_. the foremen primum disappears.
primum
Step 4 of atrial septation: the septum _1_ expands and covers most of the foramen secundum. The residual foramen is the foramen _2_.
- secundum
- ovale
the septum secundum and septum primum fuse to form what?
the strial septum
What causes the formen ovale to close after birth?
An increase in **left atrial **pressure
what is the shape of the aorticopulmonary septum (Hint: this is also the way the heart contracts with each HB)
Spiral
the aorticopulmonary septum separates what two structures?
the ascending aorta and the pulmonary trunk
Blood entering he fetus through the umbilical vein is conducted via the _1_ _2_ into the _3_ IOT bypass the _4_ circulation
1-2. ductus venosus
- IVC
- Hepatic
In a fetus, the most highly oxygenated blood reaching the heart via the IVC is diverted through the _1_ _2_ and pumped out the _3_ to the head and body.
1-2. foramen ovale
- aorta
which chamber of the heart has the highest pressure? The lowest pressure?
highest? L ventricle
lowest? R atrium
what drug is used to close a patent ductus arteriosus?
indomethacin
What is used to keep a PDA open?
exogenous administration of prostaglandins
ribs originate (medially/laterally) and approach the midline (anteriorly/posteriorly).
laterally
anteriorly