Embryology Flashcards
What does the first pharyngeal pouch become?
The middle ear chamber
The first pharyngeal arch is called?
The mandibular arch
What does the first arch contain?
Meckel’s cartilage, cranial nerve V (trigeminal), aortic arch
The first pharyngeal cleft is called the?
Hyomandibular
The first pharyngeal cleft becomes?
The external ear canal
The second pharyngeal arch is called the?
Hyoid arch
What does the second arch contain?
Reichart’s cartilage and CN VII, the facial nerve
How many facial processes are there and what are they?
5
Frontonasal prominence, two maxillary and two mandibular prominences
What does the frontonasal process divide into?
The mesial and lateral nasal processes
How many pharyngeal arches are there? Which one is transient?
6, the 5th one is transient
In what week of development do the mesial and lateral processes form?
the 5th week
The medial and lateral nasal processes are responsible for forming what?
Lip, nose, and pre-maxilla or anterior maxilla
What nasal prominences are important for lip development?
The medial, if they don’t fuse at the midline a cleft lip can form
What happens if the medial nasal prominence does fuse with the maxillary prominence?
Lateral cleft lip
The frontonasal process surrounds?
The forebrain
When does the primary palate or pre-maxilla form?
Between the 4th and 7th weeks of development
When the maxillary process and medial nasal prominence fuse they form what structures?
The lip, philtrum, 4 central incisors, palatal component or triangular palate
When does the secondary palate form?
Between the 6th and 9th weeks
What does a unilateral cleft lip result in as far as teeth?
Missing, deformed, or supernumerary lateral
The frontonasal prominence forms?
Forehead and dorsum apex of the nose
The lateral nasal prominences form?
The ala of the nose
The medial nasal prominences form?
Septum and philtrum
The maxillary prominence forms?
Upper cheek region and upper lip
The mandibular prominences form?
Chin, lower lip, lower cheek
The third arch forms?
The hyoid bone and CN IX, glossopharyngeal nerve
The fourth arch forms?
Thyroid cartilage and CN X
When do the processes that form the face develop?
4th week in utero
The 6th arch forms?
Cricoid cartilage, vagus, MM of larynx
When does the upper lip form?
4-6 weeks
When does the 1st arch form?
6 weeks
Nasal placodes form when? When do the nasal pits fuse?
4-5 weeks and 7 weeks respectively
At what age is body growth complete?
20 years
