Embryology

Question 1

How long is the development process for the fetal heart

Answer 1

8 weeks

Question 2

During what week of development does cardiac looping occur?

Answer 2

Week 4

Question 3

The normal direction of cardiac looping is to the (anatomical) _________
This is known as ___-looping, or ____________

Answer 3

-To the right
- d-looping
- concordance

Question 4

When do cardiac contractions begin?

Answer 4

day 21-22

Question 5

List the order of atrial septal development

Answer 5

1- septum primum
2- foramen primum
3- foramen secundum
4- septum secundum
5- foramen ovale

Question 6

during what week of cardiac development does septation occur?

Answer 6

Week 5

Question 7

list the 5 fetal adaptations for circulation prior to birth

Answer 7

• umbilical vein
• umbilical artery
• patent foramen ovale
  -patent ductus arteriosus
• Ductus venosus (where umbilical vein connects to fetal IVC)

Question 8

What change after birth can be attributed to the closure of the fetal circulation attributes (the PFO, Ductus venosis, and ductus arteriosis)?

Answer 8

increase in O2 uptake (baby begins breathing/using lungs), which causes changes in the pressures of the circulatory system

pulmonary venous restriction DECREASES
right heart pressure DECREASES
Left heart pressure INCREASES

Question 9

During what part of fetal heart development do the outflow (semilunar) valves develop?

Answer 9

Week 7

Question 10

During what week of development do the AV valves develop?

Answer 10

Week 6

Question 11

When does septal development complete

Answer 11

day 55-56 (end of 8th week)

Question 12

What is this early fetal cardiac structure?

Answer 12

Bilateral Heart Primordia

Question 13

What is this early fetal cardiac structure?

Answer 13

Primitive heart tube

Question 14

name this structure. what does this structure develop into?

Answer 14

truncus arteriousus
ascending aorta and pulmonary trunk (it’s the early outflow trunk that later septates and divides.)

Question 15

name this structure. what does this structure develop into?

Answer 15

aortic sac
aortic arches

Question 16

name this structure. what does this structure develop into?

Answer 16

bulbus cordis
smooth part of the left and right ventricles

Question 17

name this structure. what does this structure develop into?

Answer 17

• primitive ventricle
• trabeculated part of the left and right ventricles

Question 18

name this structure. what does this structure develop into?

Answer 18

• primitive atrium
• trabeculated part of the left and right atrium

Question 19

name this structure. what does this structure develop into?

Answer 19

• sinus venosus
• coronary sinus and smooth part of right atrium

Question 20

what do the right common and the right anterior cardinal veins develop into?

Answer 20

the SVC