embryology

Question 1

what does the renal system develop from

Answer 1

intermediate mesoderm

Question 2

what is the cloaca

Answer 2

common cavity for urogenital and digestive systems

Question 3

what does the urogenital sinus give rise to

Answer 3

upper bladder
pelvic region
lower phallic part

Question 4

what happens to the mesonephrons in females

Answer 4

tubules and mesonephric duct degenerate

Question 5

what is the metanephron

Answer 5

Definitive kidney
Develops in the pelvic region
Collecting system and excretory system develop differently
Starts to function in week 12 of gestation

Question 6

how does the excretory system develop

Answer 6

metanephric tissue forms renal vesicles

Vesicles become tubular and capillaries develop at one end = glomerulus

Question 7

what does the uteric bud give rise to

Answer 7

Ureter
Renal pelvis
Major and minor calyces
Collecting tubules

Question 8

role of fetal kidney

Answer 8

Nephrons form until birth –
Glomerular capillaries start to form by week 10 (10/40)
The kidney starts to function in week 12 (12/40)
Urine is formed (mostly water) and excreted into the amniotic fluid
Amniotic fluid is swallowed by the fetus > cycle continues
Fetal waste products excreted via the placenta

Question 9

what is anuria

Answer 9

failure to make urine

Question 10

what is oligohydroamnios

Answer 10

reduced volume of amniotic fluid