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Renal System > Embryology > Flashcards

Embryology Flashcards

1
Q

What does the Urinary System develop from?

A

The intermediate Mesenchyme

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2
Q

What are the overlapping kidney systems which develop in the embryo?

A

The pronephroi, the mesonphroi and the metanophroi

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3
Q

When does the pronephroi form?

A

Early in the 4th week

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4
Q

When does the mesonephroi form?

A

Late in the 4th week

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5
Q

What is the metanophroi?

A

The primordial of the permanent kidneys

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6
Q

When does the metanophroi begin to develop?

A

In the 5th week

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7
Q

When does the metanophroi become functional?

A

In the 9th week

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8
Q

What are the sources from which the kidneys develop?

A

The uretic bud (metanephric diverticulum) and the metanephrogenic blastema (metanephric mass or mesenchyme)

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9
Q

What is the positional change of the kidneys?

A

They move from close to each other in the pelvis in the fetal position to the abdomen in the adult position

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10
Q

How does the hilum of the kidney move during development?

A

It rotates 90 degrees medially

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11
Q

What is Renal Agenesis?

A

When the Ureteric buds do not develop or the primordia of the ureters degenerate

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12
Q

What is it called when the ureteric buds do not develop?

A

Renal Agenesis

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13
Q

What is the result of Renal Agenesis?

A

Failure of kidney development since no nephrons are induced by the collecting tubules to develop

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14
Q

What is the result of unilateral renal agenesis?

A

One of the kidneys does not develop so the other kidney overdevelops to compensate

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15
Q

What is a malrotated kidney?

A

The kidneys fail to rotate and maintain their embryonic position

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16
Q

What are ectopic kidneys?

A

One or both kidneys may be in abnormal positions as the fail to ascend from the embryonic position

17
Q

What is a horseshoe kidney?

A

When the poles of the kidney are fused

18
Q

What are the parts of the urogenital sinus?

A
  1. The Vesical part
  2. The Pelvic part
  3. The Phallic part
19
Q

What does the cortex of the suprarenal glands develop from?

A

The mesenchyme

20
Q

What does the medulla of the suprarenal glands develop from?

A

The neural crest cells

21
Q

What is the function of the fetal cortex of the suprarenal glands?

A

It produces steroid precursors that are used by the placenta for the synthesis of estrogen

22
Q

What does the Ureteric Bud form?

A

The Ureter, the Renal Pelvis, the Major and Minor Calyces and the collecting tubules

Renal System (3 decks)

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