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Renal System > Anatomy > Flashcards

Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What is the outer layer of the kidney called?

A

The Cortex

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2
Q

What does the urinary system consist of?

A

The kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder and urethra

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3
Q

What is the function of the urinary system?

A

To filter blood and subsequently produce, transport, store and intermittently excrete urine

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4
Q

What does the upper part of the urinary system consist of?

A

The kidney and a large portion of the ureters

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5
Q

What does the lower part of the urinary system consist of?

A

The pelvic urinary organs: the short portion of the ureters, the urinary bladder and the urethra

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6
Q

Where is the left kidney located?

A

It reaches around rib XI

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7
Q

Where is the right kidney located?

A

It reaches around rib XII

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8
Q

What is enclosed by the extraperitoneal fascia?

A

The kidneys and the suprarenal glands

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9
Q

What is the Renal hilum?

A

It is a deep vertical slit through which renal vessels, lymphatics, and nerves enter and leave the substances of the kidney.

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10
Q

What artery supplies the Kidneys?

A

A Renal Artery supplies each kidney

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11
Q

What is the Renal Artery?

A

It is a lateral branch of the abdominal aorta

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12
Q

Which of the renal arteries is higher?

A

The left renal artery

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13
Q

Which of the renal arteries is longer?

A

The right renal artery

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14
Q

Where are the renal veins located?

A

Anterior to the renal arteries

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15
Q

What is the function of the ureters?

A

To transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder

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16
Q

What is the renal pelvis formed from?

A

It is formed from a condensation of 2 or 3 major calices, which are in turn formed by the condensation of several minor calices.

17
Q

How do the ureters enter the pelvic cavity?

A

They pass through the pelvic inlet

18
Q

Where are the ureters constricted?

A
  1. The ureteropelvic junction
  2. The pelvic brim (where they cross the common iliac vessels)
  3. Where they enter the wall of the bladder
19
Q

What do arteries reaching the ureters divide to form?

A

The Longitudinal Anastomoses

20
Q

What are the ureters innervated by?

A

The renal, aortic, superior hypogastric and inferior hypogastric plexuses

21
Q

What spinal roots innervate the ureters?

A

T11 - L2

22
Q

Where is the Bladder located?

A

In the pelvic cavity when empty but it expands into the abdominal cavity when full

23
Q

What is the function of the fibromuscular bands?

A

They connect the neck and pelvic part of the urethra to the posteroinferior aspect of each pubic bone

24
Q

What are the names of the fibromuscular bands?

A

The pubovesical ligaments in women

the puboprostatic ligaments in men

25
Q

What arteries supplies the suprarenal glands?

A

Superior Suprarenal Arteries
Middle Suprarenal Arteries
Inferior Suprarenal Arteries

26
Q

What innervates the suprarenal glands?

A

The preganglionic sympathetic fibres

27
Q

What spinal roots innervate the suprarenal glands?

A

T8-L1

Renal System (3 decks)

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