Embryology Flashcards
1
Q
What happens in fertilisaton?
A
- Oocyte released from ovary
- Travels along fallopian tube
- Fertilised by sperm
- Becomes zygote
2
Q
Where does fertilisation occur?
A
Ampula of fallopian tube
3
Q
How long are gametes viable for?
A
- Oocyte is viable for 1 day
- Sperm is viable for 3 days
4
Q
Where is the ideal site for implantation?
A
Posterior uterine wall
5
Q
What is implantation?
A
Implantation is an interstitial process, where the conceptus breaches the uterine epithelium and implants within the uterine stroma
6
Q
What two things does implantation achieve?
A
- Establishes maternal blood flow within the placenta
- Establishes basic structural unit of materno-fetal exchange
7
Q
What conditions are associated with implantation defects?
A
- IUGR
- Pre-eclampsia
- Ectopic pregnancy
- Placenta previa
8
Q
What is ectopic pregnancy? What causes it?
A
- Implantation at site other than uterine body (most commonly in fallopian tube)
- Can peritoneal or ovarian
- Can become life-threatening if fallopian tube ruptures as leads to internal bleeding
9
Q
What are the symptoms of ectopic pregnancy
A
- Pain
- Amenorrhea
- Vaginal bleeding
- Abdominal tenderness
- Palpable abdominal mass
10
Q
What is placenta praevia and how does it occur?
A
- Implantation occurs in the lower uterine segment blocking birth canal
- Can cause haemorrhage in pregnancy
- Requires C-section delivery
11
Q
What are the key processes in early development?
A
- Fertilisation
- Implantation
- Gastrulation
- Neurulation
- Segmentation
- Folding
