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Neuro Anatomy > Embryology > Flashcards

Embryology Flashcards

1
Q

When does Gastrulation begin

A

Week 3

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2
Q

Thickening of ectoderm anterior to primitive node is

A

Neural Plate

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3
Q

Anterior (Cranial/Rostral) neuropore closes when?

A

18-20 somite stage (25 days)

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4
Q

Posterior (Caudal) neuropore closes when

A

Day 27

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5
Q

When does neural tube closure begin

A

Day 18

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6
Q

When does neural tube closure complete

A

End of 4th Week (day 27)

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7
Q

Failure of neural tube to close properly leads to what neural tube defects

A

Anencephaly
Encephalocoele
Spina Bifida

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8
Q

Exencephaly/Anencephaly(Meroencephaly) is what

A

Failure of anterior neuropore to close

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9
Q

Exencephaly/Anencephaly(Meroencephaly) what happens to skull

A

Fails to form

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10
Q

What is encephalocoele

A

herniation of cerebral tissue that defect in skull. failure of closure of rostral neural tube.

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11
Q

encephalocoele is more frequent in

A

occipital region

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12
Q

What is spina bifida

A

defective closure of caudal neural tube

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13
Q

Spina bifida occulta occurs where

A

L5 and L6 vertebrae

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14
Q

Prevention of Spina Bifida

A

Folic acid Supplements

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15
Q

Prenatal Diagnosis of Spina Bifida

A

Maternal Blood Screening

  • Indicated by high levels a fetoprotein in serum
  • best detected 16-20 weeks

Amniocentesis

Ultrasound

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16
Q

Anencephaly can be picked up on ultrasound from what week

A

12

17
Q

Spina bifida can be picked up on ultrasound from what week

A

16-20 weeks

18
Q

The prosencephalon is also called the

A

forebrain

19
Q

The mesencephalon is also called the

A

Midbrain

20
Q

The rhombencephalon is also called the

A

hindbrain

21
Q

The cephalic flexure happens when

A

end of 3rd week

22
Q

the cervical flexure happens when

A

end of 4th week

23
Q

the pontine flexure happens when

A

5th week

24
Q

The telencephalon forms the

A

cerebral hemispheres, hippocampus, basal ganglia

25
Q

The diencephalon forms the

A

Thalamus, Hypothalamus, Pit Gland, Pineal Gland

26
Q

The mesencephalon forms the

A

Cerebellum, Pons

27
Q

The myelencephalon forms the

A

Medulla

28
Q

The caudal neural tube forms the

A

Spinal Cord

29
Q

What is Lissencephaly caused by

A

Defective Neuronal Migration with Gyri and Sulci failing to develop

30
Q

What is Polymicrogyria

A

Excessive number of small gyro

31
Q

CSF begins to form during

A

5th Week

32
Q

Neural tube develops from

A

ectoderm

33
Q

neural tube closed by

A

end of 4th week

34
Q

lumen of neural tube forms

A

Ventricular system

Neuro Anatomy (9 decks)

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