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Anat unit 2 > Embryo- Development of the Genital System > Flashcards

Embryo- Development of the Genital System Flashcards

1
Q

genital system develops from what mesoderm?

A

intermediate

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2
Q

lateral body folding in embryo occurs

A

week 4

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3
Q

urogenital ridge is (space)

A

bilateral

retroperitoneal

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4
Q

urogenital ridge portions

A 
nephrogenic cord (lateral)
gonadal ridge (medial)
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5
Q

nephrogenic cord produces

A

urinary structures

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6
Q

gonadal ridge produces

A

genital structures

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7
Q

indifferent stage of sexual development

A

weeks 1-6

both sets of genital ducts present

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8
Q

female genital ducts

A

paramesonephric (mullerian) duct

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9
Q

male genital duct

A

mesonephric duct (wolffian) duct

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10
Q

gonadal ridge formed when

A

week 5

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11
Q

how is gonadal ridge formed?

A

intermediate mesoderm thickens bilaterally

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12
Q

gonadal (cortical) cords formed when

A

gonadal cord cells sink into underlying mesenchyme to envelop PGCs

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13
Q

mesothelial cells of gonadal ridge that develop when mesothelium lining of gonadal ridge thickens

A

gonadal cord cells

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14
Q

hormones necessary for development of testes

A

SRY - sex determining region of Y chromosome

TDF - testes determining factor

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15
Q

Leydig cells develop from

A

gonadal ridge mesenchyme

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16
Q

Leydig cells produce

A

testosterone

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17
Q

Gonadal cords separate and extend into medulla of testes and envelop PGCs to form

A

seminiferous tubules + rete testes

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18
Q

sertoli cells develop from

A

gonadal cord cells

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19
Q

cord cells form primitive gonadal (cortical) cords when?

A

week 6

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20
Q

remnants of mullerian duct in male

A

prostatic utricle

appendix testes

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21
Q

mesonephric duct forms

A

vas deferens

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22
Q

superior mesonephric duct forms

A

epididymis

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23
Q

mesonephric tubule forms

A

efferent ductules

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24
Q

caudal mesonephric duct forms

A

seminal vesicles + ejaculatory duct

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25
Q

ejaculatory ducts open into

A

prostatic urethra

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26
Q

mesonephric duct derivatives

A

epididymis
vas deferens
ejaculatory duct
seminal vesicle

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27
Q

gonadal cord derivatives

A

seminiferous tubules

rete testes

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28
Q

endodermal outgrowths of urogenital sinus (male)

A

bulbourethral gland

prostate gland

29
Q

Mullerian Inhibiting Hormone (MIH) produced by

A

sertoli cells (which are dev. from gonadal cord cells)

30
Q

MIH causes

A

regression of mullerian duct (female)

31
Q

when does descent of testes occur?

A

weeks 26-32

begins week 26 - both in scrotum by 32

32
Q

gubernaculum story

A

ligament extends from gonad to labioscrotal swelling -> shortens and pulls down testes, vas deferens, testicular vessels thru abdominal wall -> scrotal sac

33
Q

layers of spermatic cord derived from

A

anterior abdominal muscles + fascia

34
Q

ext. spermatic fascia from

A

ext. oblique muscle

35
Q

cremasteric fascia from

A

int. oblique muscle

36
Q

internal spermatic fascia

A

transversalis fascia

37
Q

patent processus vaginalis

A

congenital inguinal hernia

38
Q

development of fluid filled cysts

A

hydrocele of testes/spermatic cord

39
Q

failure of testes to descend

A

cryptorchidism

40
Q

what must be absent for ovary development to occur

A

SRY and TDF

41
Q

stromal cells of ovary develop from

A

mesenchyme of gonadal ridge

42
Q

follicular cells of ovaries develop from

A

gonadal cord cells

43
Q

how are ovarian follicles formed?

A

follicular cells formed from gonadal cord cells surround PGCs and form ovarian follicles

44
Q

follicular cells are formed by

A

cortical cords break up, cord cells develop into flat follicular cells

45
Q

follicular cells surround

A

oogonium

46
Q

oogonia turn to primary oocytes when

A

months 3-7

47
Q

primordial follicle made up of

A

primary oocyte + follicle cell capsule

48
Q

low testosterone causes

A

mesonephric duct regression

49
Q

no MIH causes

A

continued growth of mullerian duct (paramesonephric)

50
Q

mesonephric duct remnants

A

epoophoron
paraophoron
Gartner’s duct cyst

51
Q

mullerian duct forms what structures

A

superior vagina, uterus, uterine tubes

52
Q

cranial ends of mullerian duct form

A

uterine tubes

53
Q

caudal ends of mullerian ducts fuse to form

A

uterovaginal primordium

54
Q

uterovaginal primordium forms

A

uterus and superior vagina

55
Q

sinovaginal bulbs formed when

A

endodermal outgrowths formed when uterovaginal primordium comes into contact with dorsal wall of urogenital sinus

56
Q

vaginal plate formation

A

sinovaginal bulbs separate from sinus + fuse with uterovaginal primordium

57
Q

vaginal canal formation

A

central endodermal cells of vaginal plate degenerate

58
Q

endodermal outgrowths of urogenital sinus

A

greater vestibular glands
urethral glands
paraurethral glands

59
Q

female derivatives of gubernaculum

A

ovarian ligament

round ligament of uterus

60
Q

peritoneal fold becomes

A

broad ligament

61
Q

urogenital sinus becomes future

A

bladder

62
Q

clitoris

A

genital tubercle

63
Q

labia majora

A

labioscrotal swellings

64
Q

labia minora

A

urethral folds

65
Q

glans penis

A

genital tubercle

66
Q

scrotum

A

labioscrotal swelling fuse at midline

67
Q

penile shaft

A

urethral folds fold ventral + fuse

68
Q

male external genitalia differentiation induced by

A

testosterone (leydig cells)

Anat unit 2 (9 decks)

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