Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Step 3 UW /FA > EM & Radiology > Flashcards

EM & Radiology Flashcards

1
Q

What test would you order to r/o cranial hemorrhage?

A

Noncontrast head CT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What test would you order to assess AV malformations or metastatic cranial tumors?

A

head CT with contrast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

When is an abdominal pelvic CT most useful?

A

to look at retroperitoneal structures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

When is MRI the best test to order?

A

evaluating: demyelinating diseases, posterior fossa, base of skull, orbit, acoustic neuromas, pituitary tumors, intraparenchymal brain tumors, bone tumors, soft tissue infections, joint spaces, aseptic necrosis of the femoral head, disease of the spinal cord and spinal column.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What patients can not get CT or MRI with contrast?

A
  1. Cr >/= 1.5
  2. those with multiple myeloma
  3. those on metformin(must d/c before IV contrast and continue 48 post after r/o kidney dmg)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Patient comes in to the ER with AMS. You have no idea wtf is wrong. Whats the first thing you can order to help them knowing nothing?

A
  1. Naloxone, Thiamine & dextrose

2. Oxygen & Saline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

When can you use Ipecac/induce vomiting? when is there a clear C/I?

A

withing the first hour of an OD.

C/I with AMS & children

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

When can you give charcoal?

A

always. it will never hurt anyone.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Whats the antidote: Acetaminophen

A

N-acetylcysteine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Whats the antidote: ASA

A

Bicarb to alkalinize the urine and help with clearance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Whats the antidote: Benzos

A

NOTHING! do not give anything! let them sleep it off. it will not kill them. giving flumazenil may induce a seizure and is not worth it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Whats the antidote: CO

A

100% oxygen *someone comes in after fire? give them 100% oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Whats the antidote: Digoxin

A

Digoxin-Abs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Whats the antidote: Methanol

A

Fomepizole or Ethanol (same as EG)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Whats the antidote: Methemoglobinemia

A

100% O2 and Methylene blue (look for hx of anethetics or nitrate use!)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Whats the antidote: Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome

A

Bromocriptine & Dantrolene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Whats the antidote: Opiates

A

Naloxone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Whats the antidote: Organophosphates

A
  1. Atropine 2. Pralidoxime
19
Q

Whats the antidote: TCAs

A

Bicarbonate to protect the heart

20
Q

Clinical course of Acetaminophen OD?

A

First 24hrs: N+V which resolves

48-72hrs: hepatic failure

21
Q

Treatment for acetaminophen OD?

A

charcoal & N-acetylcysteine(NAC)

*NAC can only prevent liver tox if given within 24 hrs

22
Q

Which dose of acetaminophen is toxic? which dose is deadly?

A 
Toxic = 10g
Deadly = 15g
23
Q

What symptom will always be present with ASA OD? Other symptoms?

A

Hyperventilating = ASA diretly stimulates the brainstem

  • Lung toxicity = RDS
  • CNS stim = fever, confusion, seizures, coma
  • toxic to kidney tubule = renal insufficiency
  • blocks VitaK = elevated PT
  • RESPIRATORY ALKALOSIS PRECEDES METABOLIC ACIDOSIS
24
Q

Which dx test should you order if you suspect ASA OD?

A

CBC, CMP, ABG, PT/INR/PTT, ASA level

25
Q

What is the tx for ASA OD?

A
  1. Charcoal = block further absorption
  2. Alkalize the urine = increase excretion
  3. Dialysis in severe cases
26
Q

Sx of CO poisoning?

A

SOB, lightheadedness, HA, disorientation, metabolic acidosis(severe cases)

*hx of fire

27
Q

Tx for CO poisoning?

A

100% O2

28
Q

Sx of Digoxin toxicity? tx?

A

GI Stuff(NV, Diarrhea, Pain), Yellow “halos”, blurred vision, Arrhythmias(PR prolongation), encephalopathy, HYPERkalemia

tx: digoxin-ab’s

29
Q

Ethylene glycol poisoning vs methanol poisoning treatment?

A

Ethanol or Fomepizole & dialysis

30
Q

Methemoglobinemia sx?

A

Cyanosis, SOB, Dizziness, HA, Confusion, Seizures

**Hx of NITRATE, ANESTHETIC, DAPSONE or other oxidant use

31
Q

What tests should you run if you suspect methemoglobinemia? what do you expect to see?

A

ABG = normal pO2 with chocolate blood, methemoglobin level

32
Q

Heat Stroke VS Heat Exhaustion

sx? tx?

A

Heat stroke = dry skin, AMS
*treat by spraying with water or ice packs/bath

Heat Exhaustion = excessive sweating, NV
*treat with IV NS and move to cool enviroment

33
Q

Opiate OD what kills you?

A

respiratory depression

34
Q

tx for acute opiate OD? tx for addiction?

A

OD: Naloxone
Addiction: buprenorphine

35
Q

wtf is buprenorphine?

A

partial opioid receptor moderator, used to detox pt or maintain those with chronic use

36
Q

Organophospate toxicity sx? What are organophosphates?

A

Organophosphates = inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase

sx: salivation, lacrimation, urination, diarrhea, wheezing from bronchospasm
* look for crop duster or someone exposed to nerve-gas attack

37
Q

TCA OD?

A

Dilated pupils, dry mouth, constipation, urinary retention

38
Q

Black Widow Spider bite sx & tx

A

Abdominal pain, rigidity, hypocalcemia (patient will look like they have a perforated abdomen but there is NO TENDERNESS)

tx: antivenin

39
Q

Brown Recluse Spider bite sx & tx?

A

local necrosis, bullae and dark lesion

tx: debriding the wound

40
Q

Calculation for shit to give to burn pplz

A

%of body burnt x 4ml/kg = amount of LR or NS to give.

41
Q

Whats the most important thing to do for someone suffering from hypothermia?

A

EKG! = look for “J-waves of Osborn” = ST segment elevation

42
Q

Acute Altitude Sickness

sx? tx?

A

headache(like an alcohol hangover), malaise, slurred speech, abnormal coordination, sleep disturbance, acute pulmonary edema

tx: decend! *can be prevented by acclimating to 6k feet and taking acetazolamide or others(dexamethasone, nifedipine, tadalafil)

43
Q

Retinal Detachment

sx? tx?

A

sx: “curtain coming down over eye”
tx: tilt head back & reattach retina(surgery, cryotherapy or injecting gas)

44
Q

Retinal Artery vs Retinal Vein Occlusion

sx? tx?

A

BOTH: sudden unilateral loss of vision

Retinal Artery Occlusion: dark pale retina with diministed blood flow
tx: none, attempt thrombolytics, nitrogen, ocular massage

Central Retinal Vein Occlusion: light retina with congested blood in the eye
tx: VEFG inhibitors(ranibizumab or bevacizumab)

Step 3 UW /FA (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions