ELS (rock form) Flashcards
begin as magma
igneous rock
when rock is heated, pressure is released, rock changes composition.
magma can form
magma can form
when rock is heated, pressure is released, rock changes composition.
a mixture of any minerals
magma
magma freezes between
700 c and 1,250 c
light colored rocks that are rich in elements such as aluminum, potassium, silicon and sodium
felsic
dark colored rocks that are rich in calcium, iron, and magnisium, poor in silicon
mafic
mafic
poor in silicon
takes longer to cool, giving mineral crystals more time to grow
coarse-grained
cools quickly
fine-grained
gabbro, basalt
mafic
granite, rhyolite
felsic
magma pushes into surroundings rock below the earth’s surface
intrusive rocksf
forms when magma erupts onto earths sruface, cools quickly or no crystals formed
extrusive rocks
high pressure and temeperature turn the solid into liquid
igneous rock
can occur in earth’s mantle
igneous rock
can form from the cooling lava
igneous rock
some types are used in building and monuments
igneous rock
limestone, coal, shale, fossils
sedimentary rocks
is formed by erosion
sedimentary rocks
are moved from one place to another
sedimentary rocks
no heat and pressured involve
sedimentary rocks
strata
layers of rocks
layers of rocks
strata
made of fragments of rock cemented together with calcite or quartz
clastic
minerals crystallize out of solution to become rock
non clastic (chemical sedimentary)
fossils, layers, settling particles
sedimentary rocks
igneous rock + pressure and heat =
metamorphic rock
sedimentary rock + pressure and heat =
metamorphic rock
often called thermal metamorphism, happens when rock is heated up by an intrusion of hot magma
contact metamorphism
no discernible source of heat, (no nearby magma chamber)
regional metamorphism
contain aligned grains of flat minerals
foliated
minerals grain are not arranged in plains or brands
non foliated
3 mins break
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