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Paper 2-Civil Law > ELS-Parliamentary Law-How Parliament works > Flashcards

ELS-Parliamentary Law-How Parliament works Flashcards

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1
Q

Difference between Parliament and government.

A

Government = run by country

Parliament = government needs to get their approval for new laws

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2
Q

In the US, what 2 things are more clearly separated?

A

Congress and government

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3
Q

Why is there an overlap in government and Parliament in Britain?

A

The leader of the biggest party in Parliament become Prime Minister (Head of government)

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4
Q

3 elements of Parliament.

A

The House of Commons
The House of Lords
The Crown

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5
Q

How many MPs are there?

A

650

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6
Q

Define constituency.

A

Area of a country

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7
Q

Who sits in the House of Commons?

A

MPs

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8
Q

How often do general elections occur?

A

At least every 5 years

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9
Q

When do by-elections occur?

A

When an individual MP resigns or dies

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10
Q

The HoL is democratically elected.
True or false?

A

False-Is not elected

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11
Q

Who was the HoL historically reserved for?

A

Hereditary peers and bishops

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12
Q

Since 1999, what 3 groups sit in the HoL?

A

92 hereditary peers
700 life peers
26 bishops

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13
Q

How are hereditary peers chosen for the HoL?

A

Chosen by all hereditary peers in a vote

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14
Q

What is a Green Paper?

A

A consultative document issued by the government putting forward proposals for reform of the law.

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15
Q

What is a White Paper?

A

Issued by the government stating how they are going to reform the law

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16
Q

What is a Bill?

A

A proposed new law, which has yet to complete all the stages of going through Parliament

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17
Q

What is an Act?

A

A law approved by Parliament

18
Q

What are public bills?

A

Affect the whole country or a large sections of it

19
Q

What are private bills?

A

Affect individuals or individual corporations

20
Q

Give an example of a private bill.

A

Faversham Oyster Fisheries Bill 2016

21
Q

What is a bill which is private and affects the public called?

A

Hybrid bill

22
Q

How are new bills introduced?

A

Through:
Government bills
Private members bills

23
Q

Most new bills are introduced by the government.
True or false?

A

True

24
Q

Who are government bills drafted by?

A

Lawyers in the civil service

25
Q

Who are private member bills introduced by?

A

Back-benchers

26
Q

What are the 2 ways a back-bencher is chosen to introduce a private member bill?

A

Ballot
Ten-minute rule

27
Q

What is a the ballot for private member bills?

A

20 MPs selected at random get a chance to introduce a bill

28
Q

What is the ten-minute rule in private member bills?

A

MPs make a speech supporting new legislation

29
Q

Summarise the passage of a bill in the House of Commons.

A

1st reading
2nd reading
Committee stage
Report stage
3rd reading

30
Q

What happens at the 1st reading?

A

Name of bill read out

31
Q

Summarise the passage of a bill overall.

A

The House of Commons
The House of Lords
Royal Assent

32
Q

What happens at the 2nd reading?

A

MPs discuss the bill’s broad principles

33
Q

What happens at the committee stage?

A

A smaller group of MPs (a Standing Committee) go through the Bill section by section, and can make amendments.

34
Q

What happens at the report stage?

A

All MPs vote on any amendments introduced at Committee stage

35
Q

What happens at the 3rd reading?

A

Usually a formality, MPs vote through the whole bill

36
Q

What happens to a bill in the HoL?

A

Goes through same 5 stages as in House of Commons.
If the Lords make amendments, the bill will be passed back to the Commons to consider these (“ping pong”)

37
Q

Why is Royal Assent needed to pass laws?

A

Is a formality

38
Q

No monarch has refused to give RA since?

A

Queen Anne in 1707

39
Q

Following the Parliament Acts of 1911 and 1949, what has happened to the HoL?

A

Its powers have been limited to improving laws and, at most, delaying them.

40
Q

What happens if the Lords reject a bill from the House of Commons?

A

The bill can be passed without the Lords approval if it is reintroduced in the Commons’ next sessions and again passes through all 5 stages in the commons

Paper 2-Civil Law (29 decks)

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