Elizabthes Court & Earl Of Essex (MARRIAGE)

Question 1

How were courtiers selected ?

Answer 1

Courtiers were personally selected by the Queen

Question 2

Who were the courtiers ?

Answer 2

Members of the court

Question 3

How many courtiers worked and lived with Elizabeth?

Answer 3

About 500 courtiers

Question 4

The Royal Court was not a ________ but a _________ group of people. They went wherever the _________ was

Answer 4

The Royal Court was not a place but a mobile group of people. They went wherever the Queen was

Question 5

What system of power did Elizabeth use to maintain control ?

Answer 5

Patronage

This meant giving particular men important duties or privileges. People were not elected into their roles

Question 6

What negative and positive effect did patronage have ?

Answer 6

Patronage caused competition and factional rivalry but ensured loyalty to the Queen, as her courtiers wanted to gain power by pleasing her/Elizabeth

Question 7

How was Elizabeth’s image glorified ?

Answer 7

Propaganda

Question 8

What did courtiers not have ?

Answer 8

They didn’t have complete access to the Queen

Question 9

What was the privy chamber ?

Answer 9

The queens own private space

Question 10

Who was allowed in the privy chamber with the Queen ?

Answer 10

Her own servants , ladies-in-waiting and her most trusted courtiers

Question 11

Who was privy council ?

Answer 11

A small group of ministers who helped the Queen run the country

Question 12

How many members where there on Elizabeth’s privy council ?

Answer 12

19 members

This was far smaller than her elder sister Mary’s privy council , when she was queen

Question 13

What was the effect of having a small privy council ?

Answer 13

Less people to oppose her views on how to run the country

Question 14

Who were Elizabeth’s Secretaries of State ?

Answer 14

William Cecil (Lord burghley)
Sir Francis Walsingham

Question 15

When was William Cecil the Secretary of State ?

Answer 15

In 1558-1572 and he was Lord treasurer in 1572-1590

Question 16

When was sir Francis walshingham Secretary of State ?

Answer 16

1572-1590

Question 17

William Cecil 
Role:
Religion:
Views on catholic:
Relationship with Elizabeth:
Approach to his duties:
Character:

Answer 17

William Cecil
Role: Queen’s main minister for 40 years
Religion: Moderate Protestant
Views on catholic: More willing to suppress the catholics than the Queen
Relationship with Elizabeth: Prepared to challenge Elizabeth. Loyal but knew how to manage her
Approach to his duties: Avoided foreign religious disputes , which could lead to costly wars
Character: Loyal , rational and clever

Question 18

Sir Francis Walsingham 
Role:
Religion:
Views on catholic:
Relationship with Elizabeth:
Approach to his duties:
Character:

Answer 18

Sir Francis Walsingham
Role: Responsible for foreign affairs
Religion: Strong Puritan
Views on catholic: Believed Catholic’s were a threat and should be repressed
Relationship with Elizabeth: Did not flatter the Queen . She once low patience him and threw a slipper at him
Approach to his duties: Queens ‘spymaster’. Ran a network of informers uncovering plots against Elizabeth
Character: Cold and distant

Question 19

Why was the 1590s such a challenging decade for Elizabeth ?

Answer 19

Both Cecil and Walsingham died
England experienced bad harvests , famine , the plague and rising poverty
Expensive war against Spain continued
Queen had no heir and was becoming less popular

Question 20

Who was the earl of Essex ?

Answer 20

Essex was much younger than Elizabeth but was one of her favourite courtiers

Question 21

How did Essex defy Elizabeth?

Answer 21

He joined drakes failed attack against Lisbon in 1589. She had told him to stay in England

He married without her permission in 1590

Question 22

Why was Essex jealous ?

Answer 22

When Cecil died , the Queen made his son , Robert Cecil , Secretary of State. Essex wanted his job

Question 23

What did Essex do in 1599, which angered the Queen ?

Answer 23

Elizabeth sent Essex to defeat the catholic rebellion in Ireland , led by the earl of Tyrone . Essex made a truce instead

Question 24

How did the queen punish Essex in 1600?

Answer 24

She banned him from court and took away his government job. He was financially ruined

Question 25

What did Essex do in 1601 ?

Answer 25

He led a short-lived rebellion , alongside a small group of people , who did not support the Queen. He underestimated how much support there was for Elizabeth

Question 26

What happened to Essex after the rebellion ?

Answer 26

He was arrested and executed for treason in 1601