Elizabethan Treaties Flashcards
Treaty of Cateau-Cambresis 1559
England and France agreed that France would retain Calais for eight years, after which Calais would be restored to English control if they kept the peace. If France failed to return Calais, they agreed to pay 500,000 Crowns (£125,000) to England.
Treaty of Berwick 1560
Elizabeth offered support to the Lords of the Congregation and sent an army north in February 1560.
The purpose was to agree with the terms under which an English fleet and army would come to Scotland to expel the French troops who were defending the Regency of Mary of Guise. The Lords were trying both to expel the French and to effect the Scottish Reformation, and this led to rioting and armed conflict.
Treaty of Edinburgh 1560
In July 1560 the Treaty of Edinburgh led to the withdrawal of English and French soldiers and left Scotland to settle its own affairs. In August 1560, The Reformation Parliament accepted the Reformation and brought the Pope’s influence over Scotland to an end.
Treaty of Troyes 1564
At her accession in 1558, Elizabeth inherited from Mary a war against France in which Calais had been lost. By the treaty of Cateau‐Cambrésis (1559), the French promised to restore Calais after eight years or pay a large indemnity. In 1562 Elizabeth was tempted to intervene in the French wars of religion, supporting the Huguenots and taking possession of Le Havre as a pledge for Calais. But the garrison was decimated by disease and Le Havre was forced to surrender. At the treaty of Troyes in April 1564 peace was signed, both sides reserving their rights on Calais which, in effect, meant that it was lost forever.
Treaty of Joinville 1584
The Treaty of Joinville 1584 was a secret treaty signed by Philip II of Spain and the French Catholic League which planned to end Protestantism in Europe. It was designed as an alliance between the French and the Spanish to take on Protestant England under Elizabeth.
Whilst in practice it was an agreement to respond to the Protestant threat posed by Elizabeth to Europe, both Spain and France did very little to try and remove Elizabeth, both trying not to start a war. Despite this, however, the very idea of both major catholic powers allying against England was alarming to Elizabeth. This forced Elizabeth’s hand who now did more to help the Netherlands in their fight against the Spanish. This response, was unlike anything Elizabeth had done before, which showcases just show uncomfortable the Treaty of Joinville made her.
Treaty of Nonsuch 1585
The Treaty of Nonsuch is often linked as a direct consequence of the Treaty of Joinville. This allowed an expedition to be sent to the Netherlands to fight the Spanish. Many historians see this as a reason for a war between England and Spain starting with the Spanish Armada in 1588.
The Treaty of Nonsuch was signed by Elizabeth I in 1585. It promised to finance 7,400 soldiers to help the Dutch Protestant rebels fight the Spanish. Elizabeth sent an army to the Netherlands under the Earl of Leicester. The Netherlands belonged to Spain so this meant that England and Spain were effectively at war.
