Elizabethan - Sections 5-6 Flashcards
What is the ‘Merry England” interpretation?
Imagined a golden age
What did the ‘Merry England’ interpretation include? (3)
- People wore fine clothes
- Everyone had plenty food
- People got on well with each other
Some Elizabethan popular pastimes
- Sport
- Festivities
- The ale house (pub)
Popular pastimes - What sports would be played?
Football and bear-baiting
What was best-baiting?
Spectators bet on a pack of dogs attacking a tied up bear
Popular pastimes- What festivities were celebrated?
Christmas, Saints day, May Day, Harvest Home
Popular pastimes- What social groups went to the ale house?
Labouring poor and middling sort
The puritan attack on popular pastimes - what was stopped?
- Parish ales stopped in many areas
- Ale houses closed
- Maypoles were pulled down
Who were responsible for stopping pastimes?
Puritan ministers
Why did puritans stop pastimes?
Wanted people to live a purer Christian life
Why did puritans stop popular pastimes? - Protecting the Sabbath
Puritans believed that Sunday should be reserved for prayer, not drinking and dancing
Why did puritans stop popular pastimes? - Stopping pagan practices
Traditions, such as Mayday were pagan, not Christian
Pagan
Don’t believe in religion or believe in more than one God
Why did puritans stop popular pastimes? - Preventing violent disorder
Crowds at festivities often became drunk and violent. Puritans did not think this was Christian behaviour.
Why did puritans stop popular pastimes? - Preventing sex outside marriage
Puritans believed that dancing and drinking at festivals, led to the sin of sex outside marriage
When there were no theatres before Elizabeth’s reign, where did people perform?
Ale houses and parish ales
Opposition to theatres - Puritan Ministers
Believed that plays, encouraged, unholy behaviour, and distracted people from prayer and Bible reading
Opposition to theatres - The London city authorities
They see if crowds would spread of the plague or commit crimes
Support for theatres - The Queen
Enjoyed the theatre and invited Shakespeare to perform at the Royal Court
Opposition to theatres - ordinary people
Loved the theatre because it provided cheap entertainment
What did Elizabethans believe about witches?
Witches could perform magic to cure illness, control the actions of others and recover stolen goods
Witches were believed to have familiars. What are familiars?
Small animals such as cats or toads that assisted with their actions
What year was the law against witches introduced?
1563
What did the law against witches do to people who were suspected witches?
Death by hanging for using witchcraft to kill someone and prison for damage to property
The number of witchcraft increased in the later years of Elizabeth’s reign. How much?
166 in the 1580s
(Historians interpretations for the persecution of witches - Attacks on women) What percentage of women were accused of witchcraft?
90%
Patriarchal society on why women were voted
A way to deal with women who did not have a husband to control them
Why did Puritans encourage the persecution of witches?
To get rid of magical beliefs
Theatres - Galleries
The covered raised areas of seating
The theatres - The yard
Where the poor stood to watch
What were the Algonquian?
One of the largest Native American groups
How did the Algonquian make a living? (Woman and girls)
Grew crops
How did the Algonquian make a living? (Boys and men)
Hunting and fishing
What did the Algonquians believe about god?
Did not believe in individual gods but in a great spirit that inhabited the entire universe
What was the Mughal Empire?
The most powerful and wealthy Empire in India
Who ruled the Mughal Empire?
Akbar the Great
What did Mughals believe?
Akbar tolerated other religions rather than his own (Muslim) and encouraged discussion about them
What motivated Walter Raleigh to establish Roanoke? (Wealth)
Hoped to find gold and silver in North America
What motivated Walter Raleigh to establish Roanoke? (Elizabeth)
Hoped his new colony would earn him patronage from the queen
What motivated Walter Raleigh to establish Roanoke? (Spain)
Wanted to challenge the power of Catholic Spain
What motivated Walter Raleigh to establish Roanoke? (Royal Support)
Elizabeth gave Raleigh permission to colonise Roanoke
When did English settlers arrive on Roanoke?
1587
Who was the chief of the Algonquian?
Chief Wingina
What made the Algonquian and the settlers kill Chief Wingina?
Wingina decided to attack the settlers
What happened when the Englishmen who had returned to get more supplies come back to the island? (1590)
The colony was deserted
