Elizabeth - Section 2 Flashcards
What was the queens Royal Court?
A group of nobles and privy councillors who surrounded the queen
One way Elizabeth gained control over the Royal Court
- Granted positions of power
What does Patronage mean?
The power to control
What positions did Elizabeth offer to her Court?
- A place at court
- Place at Privy Council
Why did Elizabeth use patronage to gain control?
To ensure loyalty
Who were Elizabeth’s most trusted courtiers?
Privy Council
What was the local government used for?
Control different areas of the country
What was each county controlled by?
Lord Lieutenants
Main jobs of a Lord Lieutenant
- Keep the Queen and the Privy Council informed of what was going on
- Organised a local army to deal with rebellions
What were JPs?
Justices of Peace
- What were JPs responsible for?
Law and Order
How many JPs in each county?
About 40
- What were JPs responsible for?
Collecting taxes and fines
- What were JPs responsible for?
Enforcing the poor law
- What were JPs responsible for?
Judging court cases
Disadvantage about being a JP?
Unpaid - lead to corruption
What was the Poor Law?
Law that ensured that the poor were housed in workhouses, clothed and fed
Who was known as “Elizabeth’s favourite”?
Robert Devereux, Earl of Essex
Result of being Elizabeth’s favourite
Place on the Privy Council
Roberts egotistical behaviour led to his execution. How?
1598 - reached for his sword during an argument with Elizabeth
1599 - led a failed military expedition in Ireland
1600 - abandoned his soldiers in Ireland and forced his way into Elizabeth’s bedchamber
1601 - plotted an armed rebellion to remove Elizabeth
Robert Devereux - 1598
Reached for his sword during an argument with Elizabeth
Robert Devereux - 1599
led a failed military expedition in Ireland
Robert Devereux - 1600
Abandoned his soldiers in Ireland and forced his way into Elizabeth’s bedchamber
Robert Devereux - 1601
Plotted an armed rebellion to remove Elizabeth from the throne
What role did Parliament play?
MPs voted to give their consent for new laws and taxes
Why did Elizabeth’s parliament pose as a threat to her?
- wanted her to marry a protestant heir
- remove archbishops and bishops
- allow elected committees to control churches
- stop priests wearing vestments
- Give MPs freedom of speech - allow them to discuss whatever they wanted in Parliament
Elizabeth only called parliament when she needed it
13 times in her 45 year reign
Who was William Cecil?
Appointed as the secretary of state in 1558 and he was her most important minister.
What year was William Cecil appointed as secretary of State?
1558
How did Elizabeth limit MPs freedom of speech?
Banning discussion of religion or her marriage and used hard punishment to ensure this
(Example of Elizabeth’s control over Parliament) Peter Wentworth?
Imprisoned William Wentworth in 1593 in the tower of London after he demanded she name a protestant heir
What happened to John Stubbs?
Got his hand chopped off in 1579 for criticizing Elizabeth’s marriage
Why did Elizabeth use Propaganda?
Project an image of her being a powerful and popular monarch
Propaganda in Elizabeth’s portraits
Emphasised her power and hid any signs of weakness
What was a progress?
A royal tour that Elizabeth took each summer
What did Elizabeth do on her progresses?
Showed her wealth and spoke to ordinary people
Where did she travel?
Elizabeth only travelled areas in the south east, never the north or the west
