Elizabethan England - Chapter 3 (Elizabethan society in the Age of Exploration) Flashcards
Why was education important in in Elizabethan England?
It helped prepare you for the life you were expected to lead
Which group of people were more likely to be educated during the period?
Nobility
What were grammar schools?
Schools set up for boys in which they were taught many skills and subjects
- the school say was very structured (learning monday - thursday and recaping on friday)
Give an example of what boys were expected to do in grammar schools?
- Memorise huge quantities of texts, like bible passages
- learn morals and manners
- Learn public speaking and debating
Give 2 examples of punishments in Elizabethan grammar schools
- Excluson from school
- Being kept in at break time
What were petty farmers?
Schools for boys, that were set up and run in a teachers home
What were dame schools?
Schools for girls, that provided basic education and learning skills
Poorer children were taught by ….
their families
How big an impact did schools have on Elizabethans?
around 30% of men and 10% women were educated were literate by the end of Elizabethan I’s reign in 1603
What factors did a family need to consider before sending their child to a school?
The cost of the school
What were the two universities that students could go to during the time and what subjects could they study in these universities?
- Oxford
- Cambridge
they can study Medicine, law, Astronomy e.t.c
What sports were played by the nobility?
- hunting on horseback, with hounds
- hawking
- fishing
- fencing (only men)
- real tennis (only men)
What sport did lower class people play?
Football
Name two spectator sports?
- Bear baiting
2. cock fighting
Name 3 pastimes n the Elizabethan period?
- Literature
- theatre
- music and dancing
What were mystery plays?
Plays that brought the bible and saints stories to life for an audience
Who were more likely to be poor?
- Women
- Young children
- itinerants (people who left their home parishes looking for work)
Why did poverty increase?
- As the population of london increased, there were more people to feed, and the price of food in towns rose
- Rises increased when harvests were bad
- Wages did not rise as fast as prices
- Landowners charged a higher rent for land as the demand for land grew with population
Why was sheep farming blamed for poverty problems?`
- Sheep farming took land that couldve been used for growing crops
- Sheep farming didnt require as much labour as growing crops so unemployment rose
- Some crops were grown only for the animals to eat
What does enclosing land mean and why did farmers enclose the land?
Enclosing the land meant replacing large open fields that were farmed by villagers, with individual fields belonging to 1 person
Enclosing the land stopped animals from wandering off and trampling on other crops
What were the 3 laws passed by elizabeth, tyat helped deal with the poor and what were their aims?
- 1563 Statute of Artificiers: to ensure that poor relief was collected
- 1572 Vagabonds Act : To deter vagrancy
- 1576 Poor Relief: To distinguish between able bodies and impotent poor , and to help the able bodied poor find work
What led Elizabethans to explore?
Trade
How did navigation (and therefore, maps) become more precise?
- Through the use of Quadrants and Astrolobes
- Through a way of using the sun to calculate the true sailing direction of a ship
- Maps could now be printed
How did Ship design improve?
- ships were larger and more stable
- were more manoeuvrable (mast) and faster
- Better fire power
Who was Walter Raleigh?
An explorer and courtier during Elizabeths reign
What were the economic benefits of Raleighs colonisation project?
- Native Americas bartered for simple, cheap English goods like Woollen cloth
- The colony would provide work for English cloth makers and merchants
- The colony would provide England with exotic materials such as gold and tobacco
Why did the attempts to colonise virginia fail?
- The voyage
- Their expectations of virginia was too unrealistic
- Inexperience (they relied too much on the Native Americans)
