Elizabethan England - Chapter 2 (Challenges to Elizabethan at home and abroad)

Question 1

Why did Earls lead a revolt in 1569

Answer 1

1. Earls lost influence with Elizabeth in power
2. Wanted to restore Catholicism
3. Elizabeth created uncertainty by refusing to marry or name an heir
4. Wanted Mary Queen of Scots as queen

Question 2

Name a key person involved in the revolt of the northern earls and why he wanted the revolt to take place?

Answer 2

Thomas Percy

• he lost influence at court under elizabeth as she favoured protestanta
• he lost the rights to a valuable, newly discovered copper mine found on his lands to the queen in 1567

Question 3

What were key events of the revolt of the northern earls?

Answer 3

1. 450 rebels were executed though the towns and villages of Northern England
2. Elizabeth released Mary and the duke of Norfolk

Question 4

Why was the revolt of the Northern Earls significant?

Answer 4

1. It was the first rebellious acts by Catholics against Elizabeth
2. It prompted harsher treatment of Catholics

Question 5

What was the papal bull?

Answer 5

The written order issued by the pope that excommunicated Queen Elizabeth

Question 6

What are 2 key features of the Ridolfi plot?

Answer 6

1. It was a plot to Murder Elizabeth and put Mary on the throne
2. Duke of Norfolk was executed but Mary was released

Question 7

Why was the ridolfi plot significant?

Answer 7

1. It reinforced the threat to England from Spain as the spanish were involved
2. Reinforced the threat posed by catholics and Mary

Question 8

What is 1 key feature of the Throckmorton plot?

Answer 8

Plot to overthrow Elizabeth and put Mary on the throne

Question 9

What are 2 key features of the babington plot?

Answer 9

1. Plot to overthrow Elizabeth and put Mary on throne

2. Elizabeth finally signed Mary’s death warrant after this plot.

Question 10

What was the significance of Mary, queen of scots death?

Answer 10

1. Removed a key threat

2. It gave Philip more of a reason to invade England

Question 11

Who was Walsingham?

Answer 11

• Elizabeth’s secretary of state who developed a spy network and discovered evidence that indicated Marys involements in plots
• he also tried Mary, Queen of Scots for treason after decoding her letters

Question 12

Name 4 of Elizabeth’s foreign policy aims?

Answer 12

1. developing and improving trade to benefit the English economy
2. Protecting England’s borders
3. Protecting the English throne
4. Avoiding war, which would be a problem if English rebels supported the enemy

Question 13

Who was Francis Drake?

Answer 13

A merchant who made his fortune trading in the New World

Question 14

What did Francis Drake do to Spains goods?

Answer 14

He captured spanish riches, captured numerous Spanish ships, and seized their cargoes

Question 15

What did Elizabeth do to anger the Spanish? (in regards to Francis Drake

Answer 15

• Elizabeth backed and celebrated him

- She issued him with secret orders to attack Spains colonies in the new world

Question 16

Why did France want to be allied to England?

Answer 16

Because France was surrounded by Spanish territory except to the north

Question 17

Why did Spain want to be allied to England?

Answer 17

Elizabeth’s fleet could help protect its ship sailing in the channel to the netherlands

Question 18

Give 4 reasons as to why Elizabeth was reluctant to help the dutch

Answer 18

1. If Elizabeth supported Dutch rebels, Philip might do the same with catholic rebels
2. Spain would have the backing of the pope, and encourage English Catholics to welcome a Spanish invasion
3. Popes backing means that france could side with spain
4. War would be too costly and England’s finances werent as strong as spains

Question 19

The pacification of Ghent demanded….

Answer 19

• all spanish troops to be expelled from the Netherlands

- an end to religious persecution

Question 20

Which treaty put spain and England directly at war?

Answer 20

• Treaty of Nonsuch

Question 21

Why did the Armada fail?

Answer 21

1. England had better ship design
2. Spain were not well supplied
3. planning and communication with Spain
4. Weather

Question 22

Why did Albas presence in the Netherlands act as a concern for Elizabeth?

Answer 22

1. Albas large army was at a close distance to England.
2. Elizabeth did not want to be seen as Europe’s leading Protestant monarch but many dutch protestants chose to come to England

Question 23

What was the treaty of nonsuch?

Answer 23

A treaty that put England at war with Spain as Elizabeth had agreed to directly intervene in the Netherlands (on t the side of the rebels)

Question 24

How did the duke of alencon help Elizabeth?

Answer 24

He gathered an army to fight the Spanish in the netherlands

Question 25

What did the ‘act for the preservation of the Queens safety’ state?

Answer 25

1. In the event that Elizabeth was assassinated, Mary, queen of scots, was to be barred from the succession
2. Any action against Mary should only be taken once a commission has investigated her role in the plot, held a trial and found her guilty

Question 26

Mary, Queen of Scots was convicted in 1586 under the ….

Answer 26

‘act for the preservation of the Queens safety’