Elizabethan England Flashcards
What was the situation at the start of Elizabeth’s reign?
Elizabeth inherited a kingdom that was financially strained, religiously divided, and faced external threats from Catholic powers like France and Spain.
What were the religious divisions in England during Elizabeth’s reign?
England was divided between Catholics and Protestants. Elizabeth herself was Protestant, but there was a significant Catholic population loyal to the Pope.
What were the main problems Elizabeth faced during her reign?
Elizabeth had to stabilize the economy, establish religious compromise, manage international relations, and secure her position against domestic and foreign threats.
How did Elizabeth address the economic challenges of her reign?
Elizabeth implemented careful financial management, encouraged trade and exploration, and developed new industries like cloth manufacturing.
How did Elizabeth establish religious compromise?
Elizabeth pursued a moderate religious policy, emphasizing a Protestant Church of England but allowing some Catholic practices to appease both factions.
What were the causes of the Revolt of the Northern Earls?
The revolt was triggered by the discontent of Catholic nobles who felt marginalized and persecuted under Elizabeth’s religious policies and feared further Protestant influence.
What were the main events of the Revolt of the Northern Earls?
The main events included the Earls of Northumberland and Westmorland raising an army, capturing Durham Cathedral, and advancing south. However, their forces were ultimately defeated.
Evidence for this is that In November 1569, the rebels captured Durham Cathedral, a symbol of Protestant power, to rally support.
What were the outcomes of the Revolt of the Northern Earls?
The revolt failed to gain widespread support, and the earls fled to Scotland. The revolt resulted in increased repression of Catholics and further reinforced Elizabeth’s authority.
What were the plots against Elizabeth during this period?
The main plots were the Ridolfi Plot, the Throckmorton Plot, the Babington Plot, and the Spanish Armada.
What was the Ridolfi Plot?
The Ridolfi Plot was a Catholic conspiracy led by Roberto Ridolfi to overthrow Elizabeth and replace her with Mary, Queen of Scots, with the support of Spain.
What was the Babington Plot?
The Babington Plot was a plot to assassinate Elizabeth and put Mary, Queen of Scots, on the English throne. It was uncovered by Francis Walsingham’s spy network.
What was the Spanish Armada?
The Spanish Armada was a fleet sent by King Philip II of Spain to invade England in 1588. It was defeated by the English navy under the command of Lord Howard and Sir Francis Drake.
Why did England colonize Virginia?
The main reasons for colonizing Virginia were to establish an English presence in the New World, seek new trade routes, exploit natural resources, and promote Protestantism.
How was the colonization of Virginia planned and organized?
The Virginia Company of London was granted a charter to establish a colony in Virginia. They organized expeditions,
Give some evidence to support the inital struggle of Elizabethan England Economically/Financially?
Elizabeth inherited a significant national debt from her predecessor, Queen Mary I, due to expensive wars and lavish court spending.
To address this, Elizabeth implemented strict financial management, reduced court expenses, and encouraged economic growth through trade and exploration
