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History - Elizabeth England > Elizabethan England > Flashcards

Elizabethan England Flashcards

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1
Q

What religion was Elizabeth?

A

Protestant

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2
Q

What were the name of the three social classes?

A

Nobility, Gentry and Peasantry

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3
Q

What group was Nobility?

A

Highest after the monarch (owned most of the land and given privileges)

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4
Q

What group was Gentry?

A

The middle group

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5
Q

What group was Peasantry?

A

The lowest group and its poorest

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6
Q

What was Parliament?

A

Parliament was made up of the House of Lords and the House of Commons

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7
Q

What did Parliament do?

A

Parliament had influence over setting taxes and was responsible for passing laws.
(Queen decided when to call Parliament and when to listen to advice).

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8
Q

What was the House of Commons?

A

Section of parliament made up of ‘ordinary people’ (but members were educated or relatively wealthy)

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9
Q

What was the House of Lords?

A

Section of parliament made up of nobility

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10
Q

What was the Privy Council?

A

The most powerful men in the country appointed by Elizabeth to advise her (19 members)

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11
Q

What was the Secretary of State?

A

The most senior member of the Privy Council

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12
Q

Who was Secretary of State

A

William Cecil

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13
Q

What did The Privy Council do?

A
  • Acted as Elizabeth’s main advisors from war to marriage
    -Responsible for day-to-day running of the country
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14
Q

What are Lord Lieutenants?

A
  • Appointed by Queen to take responsibility for an area of the country
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15
Q

What did Lord Lieutenants do?

A

Responsible for settling disputes, raising taxes and raising an army (should the Queen ask for one)

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16
Q

What are JP’s?

A

Selected from local gentry and responsible for enforcing whatever law parliament passed

17
Q

What did JP’s do?

A

Appointed to ensure order was kept
One JP could send someone to prison but two could send someone to death

18
Q

What problems did Elizabeth face on her accession?

A

Legitimacy - Elizabethans legitimacy was questioned as she was conceived while Henry VIII and Anne were not married
The French Threat - France and Spain were catholic countries so if Elizabeth did not please them there was the threat of war as Elizabeth was Protestant (France also allied with Scotland, traditional English enemy).

19
Q

What does Puritan mean?

A

An extreme Protestant

20
Q

The act of Supremacy

A
  • This act made Elizabeth Supreme Governor of the Church (title ‘supreme head’ was avoided as Elizabeth believed Christ remained Head of Church).
  • This act was controversial as it made it clear the pope had no religious authority anymore
  • It was considered treason to not consider Elizabeth ‘Supreme Governor of the Church’
21
Q

The act of Uniformity

A

-This act made Protestantism the official faith in England
- Everyone had to go to Church every Sunday (or face a fine)
-The wording of the Church services were designed to appeal to both Protestants and Catholics (allowed to keep the religious ornaments and vestments, preferred by Catholics).
- Elizabeth knew it was important to keep Catholics happy

22
Q

What was The Royal Injunctions?

A

The royal injunctions were a set of instructions - issued by William Cecil. They covered a wide range of issues to reinforce the Acts of Supremacy and Act of Uniformity.

23
Q

What was in The Royal Injunctions?

A
  • Included instructions on how people should worship God and the structure of the services
  • Also stated no one could preach without a license from the government (to try and prevent Puritans from challenging the settlement)
  • Pilgrimages and monuments were banned as seen as too catholic
  • Clergy had to wear special clothes (vestments)
24
Q

Why did Elizabeth need a ‘settlement’ for religion?

A

Because some people were catholic, some were Protestant, and this was causing huge problems

25
Q

What were The Clergy

A

Religious people e.g the Pope

26
Q

What did The Clergy do?

A

in charge of the religious life of the community and had to please God by serving Him every day.

27
Q

Advantages of the Settlement

A
  • Most members of the Clergy took the oath of loyalty to the Queen
  • The Clergy now allowed to marry (would please Protestants)
28
Q

Disadvantages of the Settlement

A
  • Some Catholics were unhappy with the settlements Protestants focus
  • Some Puritans objected the inclusion of ‘Catholic ideas’
29
Q

What did Protestants think of the Bible

A

It should be English so everyone can read it

30
Q

What did Protestants think about Church decorations

A

Churches should be plain and simple so everyone can focus on the sermons and bible readings

31
Q

When did England first start to become Protestant?

A

When Henry VIII broke from Rome in 1934

32
Q

What two books did all churches have to have under the settlement?

A

Book of Common prayer in English and the English bible

33
Q

What did Catholics think of the Pope?

A

He was the Head of the Church and God’s representative on Earth

34
Q

Which group tried to stop the Elizabethan settlement before it was passed?

A

The Marian Bishops

35
Q

Which part of England was more resistant to this settlement, because most Catholics lived there?

A

The North (remember its closer to Scotland so more people were Catholic thanks to Queen Mary)

36
Q

How did Elizabeth’s officials check that the settlement was in place?

A

Through visitations to local churches

History - Elizabeth England (2 decks)

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