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History GCSE > Elizabethan England > Flashcards

Elizabethan England Flashcards

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1
Q

When did Elizabeth nearly die of small pox

A

1562

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2
Q

How many residences did Elizabeth have

A

Over 60

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3
Q

What did her privy council go down to in terms of members

A

40 to 19 members

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4
Q

In what year was Cecil Secretary of State

A

1558

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5
Q

In what year was Walsingham Secretary of State

A

1572

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6
Q

How long did Cecil serve for

A

40 years

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7
Q

When did Henry VIII break from Rome

A

In 1530s

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8
Q

How many times did parliament gather

A

13

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9
Q

What % of mps spoke in debates

A

10%

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10
Q

When did Elizabeth become queen

A

1559 age 25

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11
Q

When did Elizabeth die

A

1603

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12
Q

When did Dudley (earl of leicester) die

A

1588

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13
Q

When did walsingham die

A

1590

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14
Q

When did Hatton die

A

1591

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15
Q

When did Cecil (Baron Burghley) die

A

1598

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16
Q

When did the war with Spain start

A

1585

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17
Q

In what year did MPs demand changes to church before granting taxes and what was eliz reaction

A

1584 - eliz stopped then and closed parliament

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18
Q

What was Elizabeth’s reaction when Mps demanded the execution of Mary Q of S

A

Eliz refused and closed parliament

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19
Q

In what year did Eliz imprison Peter wentsworth and why

A

1593 - he wanted a successor named

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20
Q

In what year did eliz agree to cancel some monopolies

A

1601

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21
Q

How many times was Peter wentsworth arrested during her reign

A

3 times

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22
Q

What were the three main reasons for the Essex’s rebellion

A

Decline of privy council
Rise of Robert Cecil
Country was poor

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23
Q

When was devereux asked to defeat a rebellion in Ireland but made peace

A

1598

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24
Q

When was the Essex’s rebellion

A

1601

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25
Q

How long did Essex’s rebellion last

A

12 hours

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26
Q

How many supporters did devereux gather

A

200

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27
Q

What are two consequences of the Essex’s rebellion

A

Showed eliz authority decline (couldn’t control power struggle & parliament with war)
Showed what happened when a courtier lost favour (punched, banned & denied monopoly on sweet wines)

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28
Q

When was the Act of Supremacy and what did it do

A

1559 - reestablished monarch as head of church but kept bishops to maintain control

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29
Q

When was the Act of Uniformity and what did it do

A

1559 - layout of practices & beliefs (catholic mass removed but ornaments kept)

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30
Q

When did John Stubbs have his hand cut off and why

A

1583 - wrote a pamphlet criticising eliz for marriage talks with Duke of Alencon

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31
Q

When did eliz pass a law allowing authorities to execute any suspected separatists

A

1593

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32
Q

How many Mps were in the ‘puritan choir’ in the House of Commons

A

700

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33
Q

What are two features of gentry houses to impress

A

Renaissance paintings

Expensive glass windows

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34
Q

Why was the theatre so popular

A

Affordable, new & entertaining

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35
Q

Why was the theatre opposed by

A

Seen as sinful (puritans)

Large gatherings could spread disease

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36
Q

What are three accomplishments during the ‘golden era’

A

Art ( portraits)
Exploration ( 1577 Drake circumnavigation)
Literature (plays & poems)

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37
Q

Why was ‘Golden Age’ a myth

A

Medical treatments ineffective

Life expectancy was low

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38
Q

What were three reasons for poverty

A

Henry VIII closed monasteries
Population increased
Bad harvest in 1590s (inflation& less employment)

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39
Q

What did the population increase from during Elizabeth’s reign

A

2.8 mill to 4 mill

40
Q

What did the ‘Baretop trickster’ do

A

Trick men into following them and getting mugged

41
Q

How did York deal with the poor

A

Installed Houses of Correction of beggars refuses to work

42
Q

How did Norwich deal with the poor

A

Gave work to ‘idle’ poor like knitting

43
Q

When was the poor law

A

1601 ( also not enforced properly in some areas)

44
Q

When was Sir Francis Drake’s circumnavigation

A

1577 (lasted 3 years)

45
Q

What did sir Walter Raleigh fail to do in the 1580s

A

Colonise two places in the ‘New world ‘

46
Q

How did navigation technology improve

A

Better compasses and lateen sails

47
Q

What trade company was established in 1600 and oversaw trade

A

The East India company

48
Q

Who was the first English man to sell Africans in 1564

A

John Hawkins

49
Q

What did the slave trade allow

A

Raw materials to be produced cheaply and wealth form selling slaves

50
Q

When was the Northern Rebellion

A

1569

51
Q

How many men did Duke of Norfolk & others March south with

A

4600 men

52
Q

When was eliz excommunicated in the Papal Bull

A

1570

53
Q

When and what was the Ridolfi plot

A

1571 - kill Eliz and replace Mary Q of S who would marry Duke of Norfolk (found out before carried out)

54
Q

When was the Throckmorton Plot and what happened

A

1583 - assassinate E and put M on the throne + invasion by France

55
Q

When was the Babington Plot and what happened

A

1586 - rescue Mary and kill eliz. Mary replied to letters with approval & walsingham planned it out. Mary executed

56
Q

When did William Allen establish a seminary in the Netherlands

A

1568

57
Q

When was the Society of Jesus created

A

1540 (jesuits)

58
Q

When did Elizabeth order recusancy fines for catholics who did not partake in Protestant services

A

1571

59
Q

When was Campion tortured and publically hanged

A

1580 (also banned other jesuits)

60
Q

When was the Spanish Armada

A

1588

61
Q

What are 3 reasons why Elizabeth’s religious policy changed

A

Jesuit missionaries (undermining)
Powerful catholics in the North
Plots & foreign threats

62
Q

What happened in the 1570s when puritans held prophesyings

A

As Grindal (Archbishop of Canterbury) encouraged them, he was suspended and replaced

63
Q

What two separatists were hanged in 1593

A

Barrow & Greenwood

64
Q

Why did Puritanism decline after 1590 ( 3 reasons)

A

Deaths of powerful puritans
Whitgifts crackdown
Eliz installed punishment for puritans

65
Q

Why did plots against Eliz fail

A

Spies
Majority happy at religious settlement
Unconvincing alternatives
Punishment (eg Essex)

66
Q

How long was Mary under house arrest

A

19 years

67
Q

When was Mary executed

A

1587

68
Q

When did Drake lead a raid on the port of Cadiz

A

1587 ( encouraged by eliz and destroyed ships)

69
Q

When was the Protestant uprising in the Netherlands

A

1566

70
Q

How many ships did Spain have in the armada and how many came back

A

151 ships, only 65 came back

71
Q

How many fires ships were sent into the Dutch coast

A

8 fire ships

72
Q

What was the battle called after the fireships

A

Battle of Gravelines

73
Q

Who was in command for both sides of the battle

A

Spain: Duke of Medinasidonia
England: Sir John Hawkins & Sir Francis Drake

74
Q

What were the consequences of the armada

A

England great naval power

Boosted eliz power & golden age idea

75
Q

How much did Drake bring back from the circumnavigation in 1580 by stealing from Spain

A

£400,000

76
Q

How many people were allowed in Burghleys almshouse

A

13 (5 picked by him)

77
Q

What was the criteria to be allowed in the almshouse

A

Ex soldier or craftsmen (impotent poor) 35 yrs +, 7 miles for 7 years

78
Q

When did Cecil purchase the almshouse land

A

1549

79
Q

By what year did the old mediaeval hospital fall into disuse

A

1500

80
Q

When did Cecil begin construction

A

1597

81
Q

By what % had population increased

A

43% (1550-1600)

82
Q

When was there enclosure riots by the poor

A

1590s

83
Q

Where did Cecil wish to be buried

A

St Martins in stamford

84
Q

How many times did the people in the almshouses have to go to church

A

Sun, weds, fri + holy days (if not fined 6d)

85
Q

How many shillings were given to poor at each stop when the body was being brought back

A

40 shillings

86
Q

How many mourners attended Cecil’s funeral at Westminster abbey

A

500

87
Q

What was given as a weekly wage to the people on the almshouses

A

2s 4ds

88
Q

Who did Dudley appoint as the head of his almshouse (Warwick)

A

Thomas Cartwright (puritan)

89
Q

Who else built almshouses

A

Dudley, archbishop whitgift, John Hawkins

90
Q

What did Norwich do to deal with poverty

A

Officers arrested vagabonds every day
Whippings
Apprenticeships

91
Q

How did Ipswich deal with poverty

A

Houses of correction

Jobs in cloth making

92
Q

In what year were overseers of poor appointed to collect poor rate

A

1598

93
Q

In what year was the vagabonds act released

A

1572 - whipped, burned & possibly executed for offences

94
Q

In Norwich, what % of poverty was caused by low/irregular wages

A

50%

95
Q

By what time did private donations = what had been given by monasteries

A

By 1580s

History GCSE (4 decks)

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