Elizabethan England Flashcards
1
Q
When did Elizabeth nearly die of small pox
A
1562
2
Q
How many residences did Elizabeth have
A
Over 60
3
Q
What did her privy council go down to in terms of members
A
40 to 19 members
4
Q
In what year was Cecil Secretary of State
A
1558
5
Q
In what year was Walsingham Secretary of State
A
1572
6
Q
How long did Cecil serve for
A
40 years
7
Q
When did Henry VIII break from Rome
A
In 1530s
8
Q
How many times did parliament gather
A
13
9
Q
What % of mps spoke in debates
A
10%
10
Q
When did Elizabeth become queen
A
1559 age 25
11
Q
When did Elizabeth die
A
1603
12
Q
When did Dudley (earl of leicester) die
A
1588
13
Q
When did walsingham die
A
1590
14
Q
When did Hatton die
A
1591
15
Q
When did Cecil (Baron Burghley) die
A
1598
16
Q
When did the war with Spain start
A
1585
17
Q
In what year did MPs demand changes to church before granting taxes and what was eliz reaction
A
1584 - eliz stopped then and closed parliament
18
Q
What was Elizabeth’s reaction when Mps demanded the execution of Mary Q of S
A
Eliz refused and closed parliament
19
Q
In what year did Eliz imprison Peter wentsworth and why
A
1593 - he wanted a successor named
20
Q
In what year did eliz agree to cancel some monopolies
A
1601
21
Q
How many times was Peter wentsworth arrested during her reign
A
3 times
22
Q
What were the three main reasons for the Essex’s rebellion
A
Decline of privy council
Rise of Robert Cecil
Country was poor
23
Q
When was devereux asked to defeat a rebellion in Ireland but made peace
A
1598
24
Q
When was the Essex’s rebellion
A
1601
25
How long did Essex’s rebellion last
12 hours
26
How many supporters did devereux gather
200
27
What are two consequences of the Essex’s rebellion
Showed eliz authority decline (couldn’t control power struggle & parliament with war)
Showed what happened when a courtier lost favour (punched, banned & denied monopoly on sweet wines)
28
When was the Act of Supremacy and what did it do
1559 - reestablished monarch as head of church but kept bishops to maintain control
29
When was the Act of Uniformity and what did it do
1559 - layout of practices & beliefs (catholic mass removed but ornaments kept)
30
When did John Stubbs have his hand cut off and why
1583 - wrote a pamphlet criticising eliz for marriage talks with Duke of Alencon
31
When did eliz pass a law allowing authorities to execute any suspected separatists
1593
32
How many Mps were in the ‘puritan choir’ in the House of Commons
700
33
What are two features of gentry houses to impress
Renaissance paintings
| Expensive glass windows
34
Why was the theatre so popular
Affordable, new & entertaining
35
Why was the theatre opposed by
Seen as sinful (puritans)
| Large gatherings could spread disease
36
What are three accomplishments during the ‘golden era’
Art ( portraits)
Exploration ( 1577 Drake circumnavigation)
Literature (plays & poems)
37
Why was ‘Golden Age’ a myth
Medical treatments ineffective
| Life expectancy was low
38
What were three reasons for poverty
Henry VIII closed monasteries
Population increased
Bad harvest in 1590s (inflation& less employment)
39
What did the population increase from during Elizabeth’s reign
2.8 mill to 4 mill
40
What did the ‘Baretop trickster’ do
Trick men into following them and getting mugged
41
How did York deal with the poor
Installed Houses of Correction of beggars refuses to work
42
How did Norwich deal with the poor
Gave work to ‘idle’ poor like knitting
43
When was the poor law
1601 ( also not enforced properly in some areas)
44
When was Sir Francis Drake’s circumnavigation
1577 (lasted 3 years)
45
What did sir Walter Raleigh fail to do in the 1580s
Colonise two places in the ‘New world ‘
46
How did navigation technology improve
Better compasses and lateen sails
47
What trade company was established in 1600 and oversaw trade
The East India company
48
Who was the first English man to sell Africans in 1564
John Hawkins
49
What did the slave trade allow
Raw materials to be produced cheaply and wealth form selling slaves
50
When was the Northern Rebellion
1569
51
How many men did Duke of Norfolk & others March south with
4600 men
52
When was eliz excommunicated in the Papal Bull
1570
53
When and what was the Ridolfi plot
1571 - kill Eliz and replace Mary Q of S who would marry Duke of Norfolk (found out before carried out)
54
When was the Throckmorton Plot and what happened
1583 - assassinate E and put M on the throne + invasion by France
55
When was the Babington Plot and what happened
1586 - rescue Mary and kill eliz. Mary replied to letters with approval & walsingham planned it out. Mary executed
56
When did William Allen establish a seminary in the Netherlands
1568
57
When was the Society of Jesus created
1540 (jesuits)
58
When did Elizabeth order recusancy fines for catholics who did not partake in Protestant services
1571
59
When was Campion tortured and publically hanged
1580 (also banned other jesuits)
60
When was the Spanish Armada
1588
61
What are 3 reasons why Elizabeth’s religious policy changed
Jesuit missionaries (undermining)
Powerful catholics in the North
Plots & foreign threats
62
What happened in the 1570s when puritans held prophesyings
As Grindal (Archbishop of Canterbury) encouraged them, he was suspended and replaced
63
What two separatists were hanged in 1593
Barrow & Greenwood
64
Why did Puritanism decline after 1590 ( 3 reasons)
Deaths of powerful puritans
Whitgifts crackdown
Eliz installed punishment for puritans
65
Why did plots against Eliz fail
Spies
Majority happy at religious settlement
Unconvincing alternatives
Punishment (eg Essex)
66
How long was Mary under house arrest
19 years
67
When was Mary executed
1587
68
When did Drake lead a raid on the port of Cadiz
1587 ( encouraged by eliz and destroyed ships)
69
When was the Protestant uprising in the Netherlands
1566
70
How many ships did Spain have in the armada and how many came back
151 ships, only 65 came back
71
How many fires ships were sent into the Dutch coast
8 fire ships
72
What was the battle called after the fireships
Battle of Gravelines
73
Who was in command for both sides of the battle
Spain: Duke of Medinasidonia
England: Sir John Hawkins & Sir Francis Drake
74
What were the consequences of the armada
England great naval power
| Boosted eliz power & golden age idea
75
How much did Drake bring back from the circumnavigation in 1580 by stealing from Spain
£400,000
76
How many people were allowed in Burghleys almshouse
13 (5 picked by him)
77
What was the criteria to be allowed in the almshouse
Ex soldier or craftsmen (impotent poor) 35 yrs +, 7 miles for 7 years
78
When did Cecil purchase the almshouse land
1549
79
By what year did the old mediaeval hospital fall into disuse
1500
80
When did Cecil begin construction
1597
81
By what % had population increased
43% (1550-1600)
82
When was there enclosure riots by the poor
1590s
83
Where did Cecil wish to be buried
St Martins in stamford
84
How many times did the people in the almshouses have to go to church
Sun, weds, fri + holy days (if not fined 6d)
85
How many shillings were given to poor at each stop when the body was being brought back
40 shillings
86
How many mourners attended Cecil’s funeral at Westminster abbey
500
87
What was given as a weekly wage to the people on the almshouses
2s 4ds
88
Who did Dudley appoint as the head of his almshouse (Warwick)
Thomas Cartwright (puritan)
89
Who else built almshouses
Dudley, archbishop whitgift, John Hawkins
90
What did Norwich do to deal with poverty
Officers arrested vagabonds every day
Whippings
Apprenticeships
91
How did Ipswich deal with poverty
Houses of correction
| Jobs in cloth making
92
In what year were overseers of poor appointed to collect poor rate
1598
93
In what year was the vagabonds act released
1572 - whipped, burned & possibly executed for offences
94
In Norwich, what % of poverty was caused by low/irregular wages
50%
95
By what time did private donations = what had been given by monasteries
By 1580s
