Elizabeth section 6 Flashcards
Who ruled the Algonquian?
Each village was ruled by a different chief
Wingonian was chief of Algonquian village, Secotan
How did The Algonquian make a living?
Everyone worked hard to produce food and there was plenty to go around
- Women and girls grew crops (sweetcorn, beans and squash)
- Boys and men hunted fish
- villages traded with other villages for goods (copper and pearls)
What did the Algonquian believe ?
They believed in a Great Spirit inhabited the universe
What was the Mughal Empire?
The most powerful and wealthy empire in India
Who ruled the Mughal Empire?
In 16th century, Akbar The Great expanded his empire to include over 100 million people
What did the Mughals believe?
Akbar was Muslim, but most people were Hindus or Sikhs
How did the Mughals make a living?
Most Indians were peasant farmers as India had a very fertile land
However, many peasants lived in poverty as they had to give 1/3 of crops to emperor each year for taxes
What did wealthy Mughals afford?
They could afford luxury goods such as spices, cotton, jewels and perfumes
Who did the Mughals train with?
Portuguese merchants who sailed from Europe
What was Roanoke?
The first British colony in North America, however it failed
What motivated Walter Raleigh to establish Roanoke?
Wealth: Raleigh hoped to find gold and silver in North America
Elizabeth: Raleigh hopes his new colony would earn him patronage from Queen
What motivated Raleigh to establish Roanoke? (2)
Spain: Raleigh wanted to challenge the power of Catholic country Spain
Royal support: Elizabeth have Raleigh permission to take land in north america
What happened in Roanoke?
1587, english settlers arrived in Roanoke island but had lost their supplies
The settlers relied on local Algonquian led by Wingina
What happened in Roanoke?(2)
- At first the relationship was good between them
- However wingina decided to attack the english settlers
What happened in 1590 on the island?
Settlers went back for supplies but when they came back to island, it was deserted
Why did the colony fail?
- Settlers lost their supplies / seeds on the journey
- Settlers had a poor relationship with Algonquians
- Boats bringing new supply were delayed by Spanish Armada
What did the english adventurers achieve?
- The adventures brought back new products (potatoes and tobaccos)
- English gained valuable knowledge, allowing future colonies like Jamestown to succeed
What motivated journeys to the east?
- Wealth: increased wealth of gentry created demand for luxury goods such as pies, cotton cloth, jewels and perfume
- Spain: although Portuguese merchants imported goods from India, Portugal was invaded by Spain (1580)
- Royal support: Elizabeth supported trade with east by writing letters to Mughal Empire
What happened in journey to the East?
Ralph Fitchs expedition in 1580: he travelled to India and saw wealth of Mughal Empire
Dutch success: 1599, Dutch fleet returned to Netherlands with hundreds of spice
What happened (2)
The east India company: 1600, merchants set up a company to trade with India (east India company)
- The first voyage: 1602, EIC set up a factory on Java island and brought back spices
What did English adventurers achieve?
- Trade brought new goods (spices and cotton)
- English gained valuable knowledge of India
- East India company became most powerful company in world by 1800, controlling half of all trade in world and ruling most of India
