Elizabeth I Flashcards

1
Q

Act of Supremacy

A

1559- Elizabeth=“Supreme Governer of the Church of England” and all clergymen must take an oath of supremacy.

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2
Q

Act of Uniformity

A

1559- churches are Protestant in practice but are Catholic in appearance-statues, icons and grandeur remain

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3
Q

Royal Injunctions

A

1559- Provided a balance between Edwardian Protestantism and Henrician Catholicism. Aimed to satisfy all whilst also turning England back into a Protestant country officially

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4
Q

Thirty-Nine Articles of Faith

A

1563- Fully established separation from Roman Catholic Church.

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5
Q

Opposition to the religious settlement from three main groups:

A

Catholics, Puritans, Pesbytarians

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6
Q

Issues caused by Catholics

A

Mary Queen of Scots arrives in England in 1567
Revolt of the Northern Earls in 1569
Pope excommunicates Elizabeth in 1570
Ridolfi Plot in 1571
Throckmorton Plot in 1583
Babington Plot in 1586
Spanish Armada in 1588
Tyrone’s Rebellion with Spanish support in 1601

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7
Q

Issues caused by Puritans

A

Convocation of Canterbury in 1563
Vestments Controversy in 1566
Whitgift and the 3 articles in 1583

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8
Q

Issues caused by Presbyterians

A

Peter Turner (1583) and Cope (1587) challenging the settlement in Parliament

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9
Q

Anglo-Spanish relations- 1568

A

Hawkins slave ships are attacked near Mexico. In return Cecil orders the gold to be stolen from Spanish ships harbouring in England to avoid pirates.

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10
Q

Anglo-Spanish relations- 1572

A

Elizabeth harbours Dutch mercenaries (sea beggars) before ordering them to return to the Netherlands where they start a revolt

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11
Q

Anglo-Spanish relations- 1573

A

Trade restored between England and Spanish Netherlands

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12
Q

Anglo-Spanish relations- 1581

A

Sir Francis Drake completes his circumnavigation of the Globe

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13
Q

Anglo-Spanish relations- 1584

A

The Catholic League is formed

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14
Q

Anglo-Spanish relations- 1585

A

Treaty of Nonsuch with the Protestants in the Netherlands. Drake (with permission) attacked Spanish ships in the West Indies

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15
Q

Anglo-Spanish relations- 1587

A

Drake attacks Cadiz Harbour and sinks a Spanish fleet

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16
Q

Anglo-Spanish relations- 1588

A

The Spanish Armada attempts to invade England- they are defeated at the Battle of Gravelines

17
Q

Anglo-Spanish relations- 1595

A

Drake and Hawkins sail to attack Panama- both are killed

18
Q

Anglo-Spanish relations- 1596

A

English expedition sacks Cadiz. Philip (who is now bankrupt) launches a second Armada but it is destroyed by winds

19
Q

Anglo-Spanish relations- 1597

A

Philip attempts a third Armada which is yet again wrecked by storm

20
Q

Anglo-Spanish relations- 1599

A

King Philip II dies and Philip III takes over

21
Q

Anglo-Spanish relations- 1601

A

Spanish forces land at Kinsale to support Tyrone’s rebellion but is defeated by Lord Mountjoy

22
Q

8 Rebellions in Elizabeth’s reign

A

Revolt of the Northern Earls, Ridolfi, Throckmorton, Parry, Babington, Oxfordshire, Tyrone’s, Essex

23
Q

Revolt of the Northern Earls

A

1569
Headed by the Earls of Northumberland and Westmorland
Motives= Religious and the fact that control of the North had been given to Southern Gentry
Rebels took Durham and marched to York before being forced to retreat into Scotland

24
Q

Ridolfi Plot

A

1571
Conspiracy for Mary Queen of Scots to marry Duke of Norfolk ad overthrow Elizabeth- this meant that Norfolk could now be executed for treason
(Plot never actually happened)

25
Q

Throckmorton Plot

A

1583
Plan for foreign (Spanish) landing in Sussex to help overthrow Elizabeth and replace her with Mary Queen of Scots.
Foiled by Walsingham before it could happen

26
Q

Parry Plot

A

1585
Plan to assassinate Elizabeth
Foiled by Wlasingham before it could happen

27
Q

Babington Plot

A

1586
Mary Queen of Scots involved in planning the plot to assassinate Elizabeth and put herself on the throne
Exposed by Walsinghams codebreaker Thomas Phelippes
The uncovering of this ensured Mary could be executed

28
Q

Oxfordshire Rebellion

A

1596
Involved 4 men who were angry about poverty in England- they thought others would join but they didn’t

29
Q

Tyrone’s Rebellion

A

1601
Earl of Tyrone (North Ireland) began rebellion in protest at English rule over Ireland
Received Spanish support
Had to be put down by force- Essex was sent and disregarded Elizabeth’s orders to disperse the rebels (he had his power removed for this and caused him to rebel himself soon after) but it was then successfully put down by Lord Mountjoy (Essex’s replacement)

30
Q

Essex Rebellion

A

1601
Earl of Essex led many (Welsh) peasants in response to Elizabeth’s removal of Essex’s power and the economic conditions of England and Wales
Essex was arrested and the rebels were dispersed with ease

31
Q

Who did Elizabeth remove from Parliament and arrest for questioning the royal prerogative?

A

Peter Wentworth and Robert Bell