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Tudors > Elizabeth I > Flashcards

Elizabeth I Flashcards

1
Q

The Settlement

A

1559

  • Act of Supremacy
  • Act of Uniformity
  • Royal Injunctions
  • returned monastic lands to the owners under Henry
  • claimed all taxes from the church and monasteries
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2
Q

1559 Act of Supremacy

A
  1. hanged title to to ‘Supreme Governor’ rather than head of the church
  2. All clergy had to take an oath to her as supreme govenor
  3. Heresy laws repealed
  4. Communion in both kinds
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3
Q

1559 Act of Uniformity

A

1552 - prayer book used - included texts for communion form both prayer books

  • compulsory church attendance - fined
  • ornaments and clergy dresses allowed to return to 1548
  • Black Rubric omitted
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4
Q

1559 Royal Injunctions

A
  • white surplice for clergy
  • encouragement of music
  • bowing at the name of Jesus
  • Clergy could marry but wives must be approved by the Bishop
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5
Q

Who would administer Elizabeth’s church

A

Bishops as they allowed Elizabeth to easily maintain control

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6
Q

Results of Elizabeth’s Religious Settlement

A
  • Protestant but looked Catholic, as this suited her political needs
  • All except one of Mary’s Bishops resigned, which allowed Elizabeth to select her own
  • 200 priests were officially dismissed
  • Resistance from Puritans and extreme Catholics
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7
Q

Puritan Beliefs

A
  1. Disliked bowing at Jesus’ name, a sign of the cross, kneeling at communion
  2. Wanted, plain churches, wooden tables, no music
  3. Against a head of the church
  4. clergy should wear only black not vestments
  5. elected committees rather than Bishops should run the church

Vestments - didn’t want them
- they were required to wear a black gown at communion

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8
Q

39 Articles

A

1563

- Beliefs and Practices of the English Church

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9
Q

Walter Strickland Propsal

A

1571

  • Bill to reform the Book of Common Prayer by abolishing surplices marriage rings and kneeling at communion
  • won a lot of support but was disliked by Privy Council
  • led to Strickland being barred form parliament
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10
Q

Anthony Cope’s Proposal

A

1586

  • Bill and Book
  • attempt to overturn government and practices of the church
  • replace CPB and BIshops with Genevan PB
  • Elizabeth disliked it and had Cope and 4 others arrested
  • Sir Christofer Hutton attacked the Bill in Parliament saying that MPs who supported it would end up losing their land to found the new church
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11
Q

Thomas Cartwright lectures

A
  • lectures conflicting with Elizabeth’s church
  • pointed out that the Bible says nothing about heircahy
  • therefore there shouldn’t be Bishops
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12
Q

Admonition of Parliament

A

June 1572

  • Field and Wilcox
  • addressed MP’s - replace ungodly hierarchy with the Genevan ministry
  • Field and Wilcox were arrested
  • The admonition of Parliament had no wide readership and brought Protestant ideas to the forefront
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13
Q

Seperatists

A

Puritans went underground as a result of the hundreds of ministers removed

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14
Q

What act was passed to combat Separatists?

A

Act Against Seditious Secretaries
- gave authorities the right to execute anyone who was accused of being a separatist

Failiure

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15
Q

Prophesyings

A

The 1570s
- meeting initially led to improve standards in the church - were exploited and used by Puritans to express their views

  • Elizabeth saw them as dangerous and ordered Edward Grindal to suppress them
  • Failed
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16
Q

Classical Presbytarianism

A

1580

  • a secret network of groups discussing scriptures and how to restructure the church in line with Calvinist Principle
  • challenged Elizabeths role as ‘supreme govenor’
  • Elizabeth oredred uniformity within the church
  • 300-400 ministers removed by Whitgift
  • Failed
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17
Q

Martin Marprelate Tracts

A

1589

  • attacked the characters of BIshops
  • leading to a clamp down on the printing press
  • Elizabeth saw an attack on the church as an attack on the state
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18
Q

Decline in Protestantism

A
  • Most puritan sympathizers in court had died
  • Sir Midway founder of clergy training died
  • Field died in 1588
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19
Q

3 Articles

A
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20
Q

Mathew Parker

A

1559-75
Aim - suppress radicals, ensure conformity
Successes - refused many extreme demands, managed to establish the church on firm foundations
Failure - vestment controversy
died in 1575 (puritan opposition was increasing)

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21
Q

Edmund Grindal

A

1575 - 83
Sucesses - educated clergy through meetings = gave clergy increased sermons
Failiures - meetings fuelled proohesyings
- Grindal disagreed with Elizabeth
- “God forbid madam… that youshould diminish the teaching of Christs Goispel”

  • Elizabeth suspended him
22
Q

Whitgift

A

1583
Aim - cruch all resistance to the settlement
Sucesses - High Court of Commission
- exociffic oath
- 3 Articles - enforced uniformity
- admitted to the Privy Council

  • Elizavbeth referred to him as “my little black husband”
  • she died holding his hand in 1603
23
Q

Rebellion of Northern Earls

A

1569
- plotted to usurp E, marry MQS to an englishman and crown her

  • Earls of Westmoreland and Northumberland (Howard) supported, and summoned tehuir supporters to arms
  • the marched through England restoring Catholic services
  • Got as faur as selby in north Yorkshire
  • rebellion lacked popular support
  • deafeted by Royal force, NOrthumberland and 700 rebels executed
  • Northumberlands marriage to MQS would have made him king
24
Q

Elizabeth’s Excommunication

A

1570’s

  • Pope Pius V signed the Paypal Bull
  • stated that anyone who took Elizabeths life would be acting out Gods will
  • deprrived E of her right to the throne and absolving her subjects from allegiance to her
  • Places English Catholics lloyalty in a impossible position
  • E anxious to retain Catholic support emphasised tolerance

Parliament - worried - forced all members ri take the oath of Supremecy
- passed a Treason Act

25
Q

Ridolfi Plot

A

1571

26
Q

William Allen’s Seminary Priests began arriving

A

1574

27
Q

Paypal Contract

A

1580

28
Q

Jesuits

A

1580

29
Q

Throckmorton Plot

A

1583

30
Q

Bond of Association

A

1584

All are associated with plots on Elizabeth’s life

31
Q

Babington Plot

A

1586

32
Q

Catholic Threat Abroad

A

1572 - st. Bartholemues day massacre
1584 - Murder of William of Organge
1585 - Philip of Spain alliance with French against Protestnatism
- Giuse Family

33
Q

Catholic Recusants

A
  • Jesuits flooded into Britain in 1580
  • Recusants fines increased to £20 oper month
  • some were tortured and executed, including Edmund Campion
  • 1588 approximately 133 had not been executed
  • many priests went into hiding
34
Q

Spanish Armada

A

1588

35
Q

Execution on Mary Queen of Scots

A

1587

36
Q

When did MQS escape into England from Scottish imprisonment?

A

1568

37
Q

When was Church attendance made Mandatory

A

1581

38
Q

3 Atricles

A

1583

-reinforced uniformity and dismissed clergymen who did not agree were dismissed from their posts.

39
Q

Role of the Monarch

A
  • all laws required the Queens consent and she could veto any
  • DEcided when parliament would meet and what they would discuss
  • war
  • foreign policy
  • execution
  • patronage - the passing of rewards down the chain to create a system of loyalty
40
Q

Leading Courtiers and their monopolies

A
  • Sir Christopher Hutton, mon on wine trade
  • Rodbet Dudley - mon on export licenses
  • William Cecil - Court of Wards
  • monopolies meant that E didn’t have to pay her courtiers
41
Q

Privy Council (topics)

A

1559 - 19 members

  • matters of religious uniformity
  • military matters
  • Elizabeths security
  • the economy
  • supervisng law
  • welfare of citizens
42
Q

Discussions of the Privy Council

A 
1559 -60 - France and Scotland
1562 - Elizabeths ilness
1556 - marriage
1568-70 - MQD arrival in England
1572 - increasing Catholic threat
1598 - Irland
43
Q

E’s organization of the Privy Council

A

3 parts

  • members of the nobility
  • those with previous experience
  • those who seemed suitable
44
Q

William Cecil

- title, role, importance, death

A

Lord Burhley

  • 40 year partnership w Elizabeth
  • had the parctical experience E lacked
  • secretary of state and president fo the council
  • died in 1578
45
Q

Dudley v Norfolk

A
  • tehy wore ribbons to differentiate from each other
  • conflicted over personal afectionaries
  • Elizabeth intervened and diffused it
46
Q

Marriage - Dudley v Cecil

A
  • Cecil wanted E to marry the Duke of Alecon
  • Dudly wanted to marry Elizabeth
  • E’s declaration that she would not marry dudley after the scandal of his dead wife diffused the situation
  • Dudley came to agree with Cecil
47
Q

Dudley v Cecil

Spanish threat in the Netherlands

A
  • Elizabeth procrastinated faivouring Dudleys less raducal approach
  • she didn’t send support until 1585
48
Q

How did Elizabeth use her Gender?

A

RELATIONSHIP

  • she was jealous of those around her who entered relationships
  • she sent Leister to the tower for getting married

FEMINITY

  • Hatton appealed to her femininity - danced into her favour
  • remained single for her sake
  • promoted to Captain of Gentlemen Pensioners
  • chancellor after 15 years

FLATTERY

  • she sought men’s praise
  • Edmund Spencer dedicated his fairy Queen to her

LADIES IN WAITING
- use her ladies to obtain information

49
Q

Did Elizabeth always get her way?

A

yes - she refused to allow movement on her religious settlement
no - force dto sign death warrants of Norfolk and MQS

50
Q

Parliamentary Discussions

A

Acceptable topics - social and economic issues

Unacceptable (Royal Perogative) - Religion, matters of state, marriage, succession, foreign policy

51
Q

Parliament meetings

A
  • Only met 13 times in her reign
  • she used it ti grant her taxes which was her main source of income
  • Harmonious relationship with parliament
52
Q

Executions of Norfolk and MQS

A

1572
- the house of Commons and the House of Lords, united in their decision to have MQS executed and pressured E into signing the form.

  • Cecil convinced her using information form the Ridolfi plot to execute Norfol
  • Elizabeth agreed to execute MQS in 1887

Tudors (2 decks)

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