Elizabeth Chapter 3 Flashcards
What was the attitude towards eduction in Elizabethan England!
- education was becoming increasingly valuable in Elizabethan England or attitude to education of beginning to change they still reflect to the social hierarchy of the country
- Education was not about nurturing talent and ambition not about allowing social mobility
- It usually focused on practical skills but this could include basic literacy
- Only a small percentage of children, mainly boys, went to school at all
What was the humanists’ belief on education?
Believes that learning was important in its own right they disagreed that people should just be educated for practical reasons- studied works of philosophers and mathematicians to develop better understandings of the world. Believed education was needed for humans to fulfil full potential.
How did Protestantism encourage education?
The increase in protestantism increased emphasis on literacy as they believe people should be able to read the Bible in their own language to develop relationships with God, encouraging people to become more literate
What was education for the nobility like?
- The children of the mobility learn a variety of subjects such as foreign languages, history, philosophy, and theology
- As Elizabeth was highly educated in the subjects, many noble families ensured that their daughters were too
- They also learned a variety of skills expected of upper-class women such as music dancing and needle work
- They were treated at home as were their brothers but separately by the age of around seven
- Children of noble families were often sent to other noble households to finish their education. Their eldest son would inherit their father’s titles. Girls who went to another noble family make useful social contacts.
How did Elizabeth in England change education?
The greatest change in education in Elizabethan
England was the development of grammar schools: 42 were founded in the 1560s. As a result, there were more schools in Elizabethan England than there had ever been before. Previously, the Church provided most of the minimal education available to children.
Who often attended grammar schools and what were they taught?
- Grammar school, private school set up for boys considered bright who largely came from well of families in towns- the son of middling sort.
- Girls could not attend grammar schools. They were usually educated at home by their mothers.
- The focus of the curriculum was Latin. The boys also studied ancient classical historians and philosophers and writers such as Plato, Aristotle, Virgil and Seneca.
- There was also school on Saturday morning
What were the fees for grammar schools based upon?
- Fees for grammar school is varied and were often based upon how much property the boys family owned.
- So some lower class boys who showed promise could attend and they did not have to pay fees.
- Their places were funded by people who left money to the school in their will to provide education for those who would not be able to afford to go without help
What were examples of punishments in Elizabethan grammar schools?
- Being kept in at break time
- Exclusion from school
- After warnings to the parents with misbehaving child, it was possible for people to be expelled
- Being on report
- Corporal punishment including caning
What schools did sons of Merchants and Craftsmen attend and what subjects were taught?
- Some grammar schools ran an alternative curriculum for the sons of merchants and craftsmen.
- These focused on more practical academic subjects, such as English, Writing, Arithmetic and Geography.
- This prepared them for their expected later role on life, discouraging social mobility
What schools would sons of skilled craftsmen and yeomen attend?
- There were grammar schools available for the
children of craftsmen and yeomen farmers. - Much of their education would come in the form of apprenticeships, where they would learn what was necessary to run the family business or farm.
- Depended on whether their family could manage without help in the family business or in the home
- School was not compulsory so a child’s education depended on whether parents valued school-based education
Who would attend petty schools, what were they and what subjects were taught?
- Petty schools were often set up and run in a teacher’s home. Boys whose parents could afford to send them to school began their education here
- They would learn Reading and Writing in English, as well as basic Arithmetic.
- Punishment was often harsh. Beating for poor behaviour or not doing well in lessons was common.
- After attending the petty school, bright or well-off boys would go to a grammar school.
What were schools for girls and what would be taught?
- Girls of all classes did not often go to school. If they did, they would attend a Dame school, providing a basic education for girls.
- They were called ‘Dame’ schools because they were often run by a local, educated woman
- Women were not expected to go out into the world, but would go from being under their father’s care to their husband’s.
- As wives and mothers, they would need a
wide variety of skills. For example, to preserve food, bake, brew, sew and treat simple aliments and injuries.
What was education for labourers and poor children?
- They learned what they needed from their families, working on the land or in the home.
- In most cases, children needed to contribute to the family income from as early an age as possible, and the jobs they could expect to find did not require literacy or numeracy.
How big an impact did schools have on Elizabethans?
- it’s estimated that around 30% of men and 10% of women were literate by the end of Elizabeth’s reign in 1603 compared with 20% of men and 10% of women in the 1530s
- Evidently, education for women had not changed due to gender expectations and stereotypes that were carried put during the Elizabethan era
- Didn’t think it right as an increasingly believed in women having a good education
- The social norms and expectations of women and their education may be due to their expectations to marry and not to work outside the home. Education on literacy and numeracy would therefore be considered a waste of money for the parents.
What was education in universities in Elizabethan England!
- for those able to go to higher education, Elizabeth and England had two universities: Oxford and Cambridge
- Unlike today you would start university about the age of 14 or 15
- The curriculum included geometry music, astronomy, philosophy, logic, and rhetoric, as well as medicine, law and divinity
- The highest university qualification was a doctorate
- Oxford and Cambridge universities are made up with different colleges many of which are founded by the tudors
- Both Elizabeth and Mildmay wanted their colleges to educate more protestant clergymen so to increase the number of well educated protestant clergyman
- In London, the Inns of court trained lawyers
