Elizabeth

Question 1

When did Elizabeth refuse to marry philip II?

Answer 1

1559

Question 2

When did the new act of supremacy and uniformity become law?

Answer 2

May 1559

Question 3

How did Philip II of spain show his recognition of Elizabeth’s rights of succession?

Answer 3

He sent his envoy, the count of Feria (Spanish ambassador), to see Elizabeth a month before Mary’s death

Question 4

Give an example showing Mary;s councillors attitudes to Elizabeth once she became queen

Answer 4

On the day Cecil was appointed Principal secretary, Elizabeth received a deputation of nine of mary’s councillors who assured her of her loyalty

Question 5

What was the reason for the Act of Supremacy?

Answer 5

To restore the royal supremacy in the church which had been removed in Mary’s reign so it gave Elizabeth authority to act in matters relating to the church

Question 6

When were the 39 articles of religion enforced and what was the reason for them?

Answer 6

1563. To define the faith of the elizabethan church. Article 17 emphasised the importance of predestination suggesting the Church of England was Calvinist

Question 7

Name the 8 aspects of the Act of Supremacy.

Answer 7

1. Papal supremacy, restored by Mary (rejected)
2. The reformation legislation of Henry VIII’s reign was restored
3. Heresy laws revived under Mary were repealed
4. Communion of both kinds were re-established
5. An oath of supremacy had to be taken by clergymen and church officials and there were penalties for those who refused to do so
6. Revived powers of royal visitation of the church
7. Allowed the crown to appoint commissioners, giving them power to reform, order, amend errors…
8. Described the queen as ‘Supreme Governor’ rather than ‘Supreme head’ of the Church of England as her father had been

Question 8

Give an example, that some people disapproved of the act of supremacy…

Answer 8

Marian bishops felt unable to take the oath of supremacy and were deprived of their posts. One record estimates around 2,000 parish clergymen were deprived.

Question 9

What were the two modifications to Cranmers’ book of common prayer from 1552?

Answer 9

1. Variations in Eucharist belief were permitted. ‘The body of our lord Jesus Christ, which was given for thee’ and ‘take and eat this in remembrance’.
2. The ‘black rubric’ which explained the practice of kneeling at the administration of the Eucharist was excluded.

Question 10

What did the Act of Uniformity say about non-attenders at church?

Answer 10

They should be fined 1 shilling

Question 11

The 1559 injunctions meant that parish churches had to purchase which 2 books?

Answer 11

A bible and copy of Erasmus’s Paraphrases.

Question 12

How many acts were passed by Elizabethan parliament?

Answer 12

438

Question 13

Of the 13 parliamentary sessions in her reign, how many were in order to grant revenues?

Answer 13

11

Question 14

List 6 tactics Elizabeth employed to control her council.

Answer 14

1. She only discussed policy with small groups and participated in discussions to prevent the council agreeing on formal advice.
2. Kept close notes to question councillors.
3. Consulted men outside the council (foreign ambassadors)
4. Encouraged councillors to compete for reward
5. Used anger and violence
6. Used affection/kindness

Question 15

Who educated Elizabeth when she was young and what was she taught?

Answer 15

Cambridge graduates such as William Grindal and Roger Ascham. English, Latin, French and Italian.

Question 16

What was the crisis of 1562?

Answer 16

Elizabeth had smallpox and survival seemed unlikely… issue of succession was very important.

Question 17

Who were Elizabeth’s 5 potential suitors?

Answer 17

Robert Dudley
Philip II of Spain
Archdukes Ferdinand 
Charles of Spain
Prince Erik of Sweden

Question 18

Who were the 3 potential successors to throne?

Answer 18

Lady Catherine Grey
Mary Queen of Scots
Earl of Leicester

Question 19

How many people did Elizabeth have in her Privy council?

Marys council?

Answer 19

Mary 50

Eliz 12

Question 20

How much debt did Mary leave?

Answer 20

£300,000

Question 21

What were 3 opinions on female rulers?

Answer 21

1. Viewed female rulers as a punishment by god
2. Did not think women were suited to these positions, such as priests.
3. Women’s job was to be a housewife/mother

Question 22

When did Elizabeth contract smallpox?

Answer 22

1562

Question 23

What 2 aspects of Elizabeths reign angered Protestants?

Answer 23

1. Variations of Eucharist belief

2. Ornaments of church and ministers of those in place before the Act of Uniformity of 1549.

Question 24

What 6 aspects of Elizabeths reign angered Catholics?

Answer 24

1. Rejection of Papal supremacy
2. Reformation legislation restored
3. Communion re-established
4. Use of single book of common prayer
5. Variations of Eucharist beliefs
6. English bibles in churches

Question 25

Most catholic county?

Answer 25

Lancashire

Question 26

What does ‘church papists’ mean?

Answer 26

Catholics who were loyal to eliz and conformed to church of England, whatever their private beliefs.

Question 27

What evidence shows Elizabeth’s control over Cecil? 6.

Answer 27

1. She was seen to have more wisdom than her subjects, as Cecil said ‘it shall be gods will to have her commandments obeyed’
2. Royal propaganda depicted the queen as in charge
3. Cecil was aware of his position as Elizabeth’s servant. He said “to whom I am a sworn first, but as a servant I will obey her majesty’s commandment”
4. Cecil was too careful to give Elizabeth unpopular advice
5. Elizabeth would use ‘delay tactics’ if she received unwanted advice
6. Elizabeth had frequent temper tantrums to enforce her will.

Question 28

What 4 pieces of evidence shows Cecil’s control over Elizabeth?

Answer 28

1. He controlled the evidence Elizabeth recieved
2. He organised parliamentary conflicts to pressure Elizabeth
3. He plotted with with the Privy council to influence Elizabeth into accepting policies she disagreed with.
4. He spread rumours to prevent rise of Dudley.

Question 29

How did Elizabeth control Parliament? 8 ways.

Answer 29

1. Isolated extremists through promises of moderate reform
2. Making strong speeches to representatives from commons
3. Directly intervening to preserve the royal prerogative
4. Through the choice of speaker
5. Imprisoning MPs
6. Summoning, proroguing and dissolving sessions in parliament
7. Managing parliaments time, and influencing through choice of MP’s
8. Having her own councillors present in parliament.

Question 30

What were 3 challenges to Elizabeth’s power from local administration?

Answer 30

1. Privy council only had 23 messengers so communication between central govt and localities was poor.
2. MP’s did not want to be sheriffs so they refused to pass a law saying that all counties should have sheriffs.
3. Soldiers that lords lieutenants recruited were poor quality.

Question 31

2 Challenges to Elizabeth’s power from Parliament?

Answer 31

1. Freedom of speech

2. Political principal based in the ancient constitution.

Question 32

Appointing a warden.

Answer 32

Trustworthy noble outsider vs lower birth, untrustworthy local
Northerners were usually factionally corrupt
Chose to appoint her own men such as Lord Hudson in 68
Northern rebellion broke power of northern nobles and forced Elizabeth to appoint outsiders or local non-nobles

Question 33

Changes to the council of the north.

Answer 33

Act as an agency of the Crown’s authority in areas far from London. Northern rebellion meant it failed in its duty. Sussex replaced by Huntingdon in 72.

Question 34

Assize Judges

Answer 34

Important channel of communication and brought a unified system of law in England

Question 35

Sherrif’s

Answer 35

One year position and only once in a gentry’s lifetime so not every county had a sheriff. Some county had to be looked after by a neighbouring sheriff.