Elizabeth 1 and the causes of the civil war Flashcards
What was Elizabeth’s religion
Protestant but let Catholics worship privately
What were Elizabeth’s love interests
William of Orange, Robert Dudley, Philip of Spain, Francis, duke of alencon, Eric of Sweden
Did Elizabeth marry?
No
What was Mary queen of Scots full name
Mary stuart
Who was Mary’s first husband?
QoS
Mary’s first husband was Francis 2 of France (m. 1558-1560) who died in 1560 of an ear infection
Who was Mary’s 2nd husband
QoS
Mary’s 2nd husband, Lord Darnley (m. 1565-1567) was assassinated on February 10 1570
Who was Mary’s 3rd husband
QoS
Her 3rd husband, 4th earl of bithwell (m. 1567-1578) allegedly kidnapped and raped her, was involved in her 2nd husbands murder, and than married her, before being imprisoned, going insane and dying in 1578
When was mQoS born and when did she die
Born: December 8, 1542
Died: February 8, 1587
Who was Mary Queen of Scots family?
Mary was daughter of James Stuart and Mary of guise. This made her cousins to Mary Tudor, Elizabeth Tudor, Edward Tudor and Jane grey
The Babington Plot
1586
A letter eligible showing Mary endorsing bibington plot to murder Elizabeth
The Spanish Armada :
Pirates
Elizabeth encouraged her sailors to rob Spanish ships, full of treasures from the new world
The Spanish Armada:
Marriage
Elizabeth chose not to marry Philip (who had been marries to her sister Mary 1)
The Spanish Armada:
Religion
England was Protestant, Spain was catholic. Philip was angry about the Elizabethan religious settlement.
The Spanish Armada:
Plotting
Elizabeth faced many plots during her reign; Spain was involved in a lot of them
The Spanish Armada:
The Dutch
Elizabeth had helped the Protestant Dutch rebel against the Catholic Spanish rule; in 1585 he sent English troops to support the Dutch in their fight against Spain
The Spanish armada:
Mary Queen of Scots
Philip was very angry that, in 1587, Elizabeth had decided to execute the catholic Mary Queen of Scots
The Spanish armada:
France
England and Spain often fight for France together, but there was a civil war in France and the common enemy was left a threat.
What do YOU think the most important reason is to why there was a war?
Because Elizabeth chose not to marry Philip. This can personally hurt him a lot and as of this he wanted to get revenge. However Elizabeth is to blame for it as of all of her bad choices which added up to a war
Short term causes of the civil war:
Political
In 1642, Charles 1 and his army went to Parliament to arrest his five biggest critics.
1640 Charles 1 calls Parliament to ask for money to fight the Scots.
Short-term causes of the civil war:
Religious
Laud changes church of England services. He introduces candles, music and statues that the puritans head.
In 1639 the Scots attack England because they do not like the religious changes. Charles 1 has no army or money to fight.
In 1633 Charles 1 appoints William Laud Archbishop of Canterbury. Laud dislikes Puritans.
Long-term causes of the civil war:
Charles’s personality
Like James 1, Charles 1 believes that kings get their power from God and must be a obeyed
From 1629 Charles 1 rules without Parliament despite needing money.
Short-term causes of the civil war:
Economy
Charles 1 for costly wars with Spain ( 1625 ) and France ( 1628 ). He lost both.
Charles 1needs a lot of money. In 1634 he forces people to pay special tax called ‘ship money’. Refusal to pay Led to imprisonment
in return for money to fight the Scots, Parliament order Stratford’s execution and laud’s imprisonment
Long-term causes of the civil war: James I
The status of the monarchy had started to decline under the reign of James I. He was known as the “Wisest for in Christendom “James was a firm believer in the “divine right of kings “. James expected Parliament to do as he wanted he did not expect them to argue with any of his decisions. In 1621 James re-called Parliament to discuss the future marriage of his son, Charles, to a Spanish princess. Parliament was out raged.
Long-term causes of the civil war: Charles I
The English Civil War has many causes but the personality of Charles I must be counted as one of the major reasons. Few people could have predicted that the civil war, that started in 1642, would have ended with the public execution of Charles. His most famous opponent in this war was Oliver Cromwell - One of the men who had signed the death warrant of Charles. No king had ever been executed in England and the execution of Charles was not greeted with joy.
