elements of social construction of society

Question 1

what is an ingroup

Answer 1

ppl ushare social characteristics w/ smth in common + members of a society–> age, ehtnicity

Question 2

how is a society constitutued

Answer 2

by the concept of ingroup and outgroup

ppl consider themselces as having smth in common w others in their society BUT consider themselces different from other ppl in other societues

Question 3

what is an outgroup

Answer 3

those ppl thaat differ from u in social aspects –> might belong to a diff race

Question 4

every soceity is defined by 2 things?

Answer 4

physical space
mental space

Question 5

what is a physical and mental space?

Answer 5

phy space is the border from where one society begins and ends

mental space are the belief systems that make a socety making it differ from other societies

Question 6

what does material culture include

Answer 6

physical objects that reflect interests and skills of a society

tangable objects that have a BASIC fucnction and a LATENT function

denote culture

Question 6

what are the 2 elements of culture?

Answer 6

material culture
non material culture

Question 7

what does non material culture include

Answer 7

knowledge + beleifs held by particular comminity

traditional + historical factors

Question 8

define the term cultrure

Answer 8

way of life of a soceity
include norms + values + customs + beleifs that are taught through primary and secondary socialization

passed down from one generation to the next

Question 9

non material elememt of culture further branches into?

Answer 9

roles
values
norms
customs
beleifs

Question 10

what are roles

Answer 10

expected and labbeled patterms of behavior –> expected in each social interaction

in order to foster corportion for sucessful performances in certian tasks

diff roles involve diff demands

Question 11

what is role conflict

Answer 11

where 2 behaiors in diffrent surroundings clash with each other

Question 12

what are norms

state 2 studuws you can use

Answer 12

specific rules that dictate how ppl should act in a particular situation

goffman 1959–> norms more open to interpretation and negotioation rsther than values and roles

MERTON—> nehavior becomes risky if predictabliity and order cease to exist –> leading to anomie

Question 13

define the term anomie

Answer 13

condition where ppl fail to understand norms operating inparticular situation

leading to range of reactions from confusion fear anger

Question 14

deifne the term values

Answer 14

expectations that provide sense of order + predictabliity

giudlines of behavior

WHEN VALUES APPLIED IN PART SITIAUTION THEY RESULT INTO NORMS

Question 15

define the term customs

Answer 15

estsblished + accepted cultural practices + behaviors

Question 16

what doe the term beleifs mean

Answer 16

important deep rooted ideas that shape our values

are the ideas+opninions + veiws + attitudews that may not may not be factually true

Question 17

what does the term socialization mean

Answer 17

The process of learning through which ppl learn various forms
Of behaviour that go w membership of part society
Learn norms values and customs in order to be fully functional and active members of society

Question 18

What does total institution mean

Answer 18

Controls all aspects of residents life
Completely re socialise
Develop new norms values using rewards and punishments