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Chemistry AS > Elements from the Sea - Halogens > Flashcards

Elements from the Sea - Halogens Flashcards

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1
Q
A
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2
Q

What is the state and colour of Fluorine at rtp?

A

pale yellow gas

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3
Q

What is the state and colour of Chlorine at rtp?

A

green gas

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4
Q

What is the state and colour of Bromine at rtp?

A

red liquid, orange/red gas

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5
Q

What is the state and colour of Iodine at rtp?

A

Grey solid, purple gas

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6
Q

Which halogen reacts with water?

A

Fluorine

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7
Q

What is the solubility of the halogens in water?

A

Cl, Br and I are not very soluble in water

F reacts with it - doesn’t dissolve at all

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8
Q

What type of substance are the halogens very soluble in?

A

Organic solvents eg cyclohexane

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9
Q

What colour is iodine when dissolved in water?

A

Brown/yellow

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10
Q

What is the trend of electronegativity in the halogens?

A

Electronegativity decreases as you go down the group

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11
Q

What is the trend of melting/boiling points in the halogens?

A

Higher mpt/bpt as you go down the group

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12
Q

Why does the melting/boiling point increase down the halogens?

A

They have more electrons, so in an instantaneous dipole the intermolecular attraction is stronger

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13
Q

Why do the halogens get less reactive down the group?

A

Distance between outer electron and nucleus is further

More energy needed to gain an extra electron

Lower electrostatic attraction / electronegativity

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14
Q

What colour is chlorine when dissolved in water?

A

pale green

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15
Q

What colour is bromine when dissolved in water?

A

orange/yellow

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16
Q

What colour is iodine when dissolved in cyclohexane?

A

violet

17
Q

What colour is bromine when dissolved in cyclohexane?

A

orange/brown/red

18
Q

What colour is chlorine when dissolved in cyclohexane?

A

pale green

19
Q

How can the silver halides produced in the test for halogens be distinguished?

A

By adding ammonia solution:

Chlorine - colourless

Bromine - pale cloudy

Iodine - very cloudy

20
Q

What happens when potassium chloride is reacted with concentrated sulphuric acid?

A

white liquid formed that bubbles and fizzes to produce a white smoke

21
Q

What is produced when potassium chloride and sulphuric acid react?

A

HCl + KHSO4

22
Q

What happens when potassium bromide reacts with sulphuric acid?

A

brown/orange liquid that evaporates into a white smoke

23
Q

What is produced when KBr reacts with H2SO4 ?

A

SO2 + Br2 + H2O

24
Q

What happens when potassium iodide reacts with sulphuric acid?

A

brown/grey liquid produced that fizzes and bubbles

25
Q

What is produced when KI reacts with H2SO4?

A

hydrogen sulphide, iodine and water

26
Q

Which halogen is the strongest oxidising agent?

A

Fluorine

27
Q

Which halogen is the strongest reducing agent?

A

I-

28
Q

What is produced when hydrogen halides react with sulfuric acid?

A

Fluoride and Chloride - don’t react

Bromide - produces sulfur dioxide

Iodide - produces hydrogen sulfide

29
Q

What happens when the hydrogen halides react with ammonia?

A

a white cloud of ammonium halide is produced

30
Q

Which hydrogen halides can be thermally decomposed?

A

hydrogen bromide

hydrogen iodide

Chemistry AS (12 decks)

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