Elements from the Sea Flashcards
How do you work out percentage atom economy?
(mass of desired product/mass of all products) x 100
Are reducing agents oxidised or reduced in redox reactions?
They are oxidised because they donate the electrons to the reactant being reduced
Are oxidising agents oxidised or reduced in redox reactions?
They are reduced because they gain the electrons from the reactant being oxidised
What is reduction?
The gain of electrons or the loss of oxygen
What is oxidation?
The loss of electrons or the gain of oxygen
What do oxidation states tell you?
How many electrons an atom has lost/gain to form an ion/bond
Why do uncombined elements have an oxidation state of 0?
They haven’t lost or gained any electrons
What is the overall oxidation state of a neutral compound?
The oxidation states of each individual atom adds up to 0
What is the oxidation state of monatomic ions?
The same as its charge
Overall oxidation state of molecular ions?
The same as its charge. The oxidation states of the individual atoms add up to the overall charge.
What is the oxidation state of oxygen?
-2 in compounds, except for peroxides, where the oxidation state is -1
What is the oxidation state of hydrogen?
+1 in compounds, except for metal hydrides, where the oxidation state is -1
Define ‘electrolysis’
The splitting up of a compound using electricity
