Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures Flashcards
What is the atom?
An atom is a type of miniscule, minute particle; they’re so small that you can’t see them directly.
What is the Dalton Model?
- All matter is made up of atoms
- There are different types of atoms
- Each element contains a different type of atom
What is an element?
An element is a substance that contains only one type of atom. All elements have different properties. For example, oxygen is a colourless gas. There are over 100 different elements and each element has a symbol.
What does the Periodic Table show?
The Periodic Table shows all of the elements we have discovered. The first version of the Periodic Table was put together by a scientist called Mendeleev.
What is a mixture?
A mixture contains two or more different substances that are not chemically joined up so you can separate them using physical methods.
What is dissolving?
It is a common way mixtures are made. When you add a solid to a liquid the bonds holding the solid particles together sometimes break. Then the solid particles mix with the particles in the liquid forming a solution.
What is a solute?
The solid being dissolved.
What is a solvent?
The liquid it’s dissolving into.
What is a solution?
A mixture of a solute and a solvent that does not separate out.
What happens in filtration?
You filter through filter paper in a funnel.
What happens in evaporation?
You evaporate in an evaporating dish.
What is distillation used for?
Distillation is used for separating out a mixture of a solid and a liquid.
What is fractional distillation used for?
It separates mixed liquids.
What happens in fractional distillation?
Different liquids will boil off at different temperatures, around their own boiling point.
What does the fractionating column do in fractional distillation?
The fractionating column ensures that the wrong liquids condense back down, and only the liquid properly boiling at the temperature on the thermometer will make it to the top.
