Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Chemistry for Clinical Sciences > Elements, Compounds and Mixtures > Flashcards

Elements, Compounds and Mixtures Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Chemistry flashcards Periodic Table flashcards Chemistry 101 flashcards Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is matter?

A

Anything that has mass and volume, it can be a single chemical substance or a complex mixture of substances

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What can matter be separated into?

A

Mixtures (variable composition) and pure substances (constant composition)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How can pure substances be converted into mixtures?

A

Physical methods: preparing mixtures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How can mixtures be converted into pure substances?

A

Physical methods: separating individual components

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What can mixtures be separated into?

A

Heterogeneous and homogeneous mixtures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is a heterogeneous mixture?

A

Multiple phase, variable properties within a sample, non-uniform appearance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is a homogeneous mixture?

A

Single phase, same properties throughout the mixture, uniform appearance and includes solutions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the process called when a gas becomes a solid?

A

Deposition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Describe the structure of a solid

A

Regular arrangement, rigid structure, molecules vibrate in space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Describe the structure of a liquid

A

Assumes the shape of the container, molecules move around one another

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Describe the structure of a gas

A

Assumes volume of container, molecules move rapidly in three dimensions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is electrical conductivity?

A

Ability to transmit electricity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is heat conductivity?

A

Ability to transfer heat energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is density?

A

Mass-to-volume ration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is melting point?

A

Temperature at which a solid becomes a liquid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is boiling point?

A

Temperature at which a liquid becomes a gas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is refractive index?

A

How light passing through a material is bent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is malleability?

A

Ability to be shaped by hammering

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is ductility?

A

Ability to be shaped by pulling into a wire

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are intensive properties?

A

Do not depend on the amount of matter present and can be used to identify substances

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are examples of intensive properties?

A

Density, colour, boiling point

22
Q

Can intensive or extensive properties be used to identify substances?

A

Intensive

23
Q

What are extensive properties?

A

Depends on the amount of matter present

24
Q

What are examples of extensive properties

A

Mass, volume, weight

25
Q

What are physical properties?

A

Observed by examining a sample of pure substance and arise from molecular structure and strength of intermolecular interactions

26
Q

What are chemical properties?

A

Observed in the course of a chemical reaction and arise from the distribution of electrons around the atom’s nucleus, particularly the outer (valence) electrons

27
Q

Describe pure substances

A
  • Fixed composition
  • Properties do not vary
  • Cannot be separated into simpler substances by physical methods
  • Can only be changed in identity and appearance by chemical methods
28
Q

What is an element?

A

A substance which cannot be split up into two or more simple substances by chemical means

29
Q

What are compounds?

A

A substance that contains two or more elements chemically combined in a fixed proportion

30
Q

What is a molecule?

A

A group of two or more atoms that are joined together

31
Q

Describe Atomic Theory

A
  • Observation: elements combine in fixed ratios
  • All matter is composed of atoms
  • Different elements have different types of atom
  • Can be characterised by atomic weight
  • All atoms of the same element are identical
  • Atoms cannot be made or destroyed
  • Compounds are composed of two or more atoms chemically combined in fixed proportions
  • Chemical reactions rearrange the atoms, changing the ratios of chemical combination, thus the identity of the compounds
32
Q

Where is most of the mass of an atom found?

A

The atom’s nucleus (protons and neutrons)

33
Q

What is the mass of an electron?

A

Negligible

34
Q

What is combining power (valency)?

A

Ability to form chemical bonds

35
Q

How is the word Chlorine derived?

A

Greek for yellowish/green

36
Q

How is the word Helium derived?

A

Greek for sun

37
Q

How is the word Calcium derived?

A

Latin for lime

38
Q

How is the word Carbon derived?

A

Latin for charcoal

39
Q

How is the word Iron derived?

A

Anglo-Saxon, symbol Fe is Latin

40
Q

What is Relative Atomic Mass (RAM)?

A

The mass of one atom of an element divided by the mass of one twelfth of an atom of Carbon-12

41
Q

How do you calculate Relative Molecular Mass (RMM)?

A

Calculated by adding the atomic masses of atoms in a molecule (Mass of one molecule of a substance divided by one twelfth times the mass of one atom of Carbon-12)

42
Q

Describe mixtures

A
  • Variable composition
  • Components retain their identity
  • Separable into pure substances by physical methods
  • Mixtures of different compositions may have widely different properties
43
Q

Are colloids homogeneous or heterogeneous?

A

Visually homogeneous but microscopically heterogeneous

44
Q

How are mixtures separated?

A

Uses differences in physical properties

45
Q

Describe filtration

A

Select components by particle size (solid/ liquid)

46
Q

Describe crystallisation

A

Select components by solubility (solid from solution)

47
Q

Describe extraction

A

Select components by solubility (solid or liquid from solution)

48
Q

Describe evaporation and distillation

A

Select components by boiling point (from solution or liquid-liquid)

49
Q

Describe magnetisation

A

Magnetic metal from other compounds

50
Q

Describe chromotography

A

Select components by affinity for solid or mobile phases

Chemistry for Clinical Sciences (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions