Elements Compound and Separation techniques Flashcards
What is an atom
The basic building blocks of everything we see in the Universe are atoms.
What does the word atom mean
Indivisible
What is an element
An element consists one type of atom only
What is a mixture
A mixture consists of different type of atoms that are not chemically bonded
What is a compound
In a compound the particles are held together by strong chemical bonds. A chemical reaction will have taken place for the compound to form
What are the different types of separation techniques
Filtration Simple distillation Fractional distillation Crystallization Paper chromatography
Filtration
Filtration depends upon the different size of particles in a mixture. The filtrate passes through the filter paper, the residue is left behind
Why is filtration used
The technique is used to separate an insoluble solid from a liquid E.g. Water and sand
Simple Distillation
Simple distillation depends upon the different boiling points in a mixture. The lowest boiling point evaporates first and can be collected
Why is simple distillation used
The technique is used to separate a soluble solid and a liquid E.g. pure water from salty water
Fractional distillation
Fractional distillation is used to separate 2 liquids with 2 different boiling points.
Why is Fractional distillation used
This technique is used to separate mixtures such as ethanol and water
Crystallization
Crystallization is used to separate a soluble solid from a liquid when you want to collect the solid
Why is crystallization used
The technique is used to separate mixtures such as salt and water when the salt is required
Paper chromatography
Chromatography is used to separate and identify mixtures that are or can be colored
