Elements and Their Functions in the Human Body

Question 1

Strengthens bones and teeth; aids
in blood clotting

Answer 1

Calcium (Ca)

Question 2

Present in phosphates of bone, in
nucleic acids (DNA and RNA); and
involved in energy transfer

Answer 2

Phosphorus (P)

Question 3

Helps regulate electrical balance of
body fluids; essential for nerve
conduction

Answer 3

Potassium (K)

Question 3

An essential component of proteins

Answer 3

Sulfur (S)

Question 3

Necessary for normal growth and
development

Answer 3

Chlorine (Cl)

Question 4

Helps regulate electrical balance
in body fluids

Answer 4

Sodium (Na)

Question 5

Helps nerve and muscle action;
present in bones

Answer 5

Magnesium (Mg)

Question 5

Increases effectiveness of insulin

Answer 5

Chromium (Cr)

Question 5

Strengthens bones; assists in
enzyme activity

Answer 5

Copper (Cu)

Question 5

Part of vitamin B12

Answer 5

Cobalt (Co)

Question 5

Reduces the incidence of dental
cavities

Answer 5

Fluorine (F)

Question 6

An essential part of thyroid
hormones

Answer 6

Iodine (I)

Question 7

An essential part of some proteins,
such as hemoglobin, myoglobin,
cytochromes, and FeS proteins

Answer 7

Iron (Fe)

Question 8

Present in bone-forming enzymes;
aids in fat and carbohydrate
metabolism

Answer 8

Manganese (Mn)

Question 9

Helps regulate electrical balance
in body fluids

Answer 9

Molybdenum (Mo)

Question 9

Necessary for the action of certain
enzymes

Answer 9

Zinc (Zn)