Elements and Periodic Table Flashcards
What is meant by an element?
A substance with only one type of atom.
Approximately how many elements are there?
100
Where are all the naturally occuring elements made?
In the stars
Where are elements listed?
On the periodic table
Name 3 ways in which the periodic table can be split into categories
- Metal and non-metals
- Solids, liquids and gases
- Naturrally occurring and man-made
Approx how many elements are naturally occurring?
92
Numbers 1 to 92
Hydrogen to Uranium
Name the 2 liquid elements at room temperature
Bromine
Mercury
How many elemnts are gases at roomp temperature?
11
(Be able to name 2 of them at least)
What is meant by a “group” in the periodic table?
What is meant by a “period” in the periodic table?
What name is given to the group 1 metals?
What name is given to the group 7 elements?
What name is given to the group 8 elements?
Why are group 1 known as alkali metals?
They produce an alkali when reacted with water
Why are group 1 metals stored under oil?
To keep them from reacting with oxygen and /or water
Describe the reactivity trend of group 1 metals
What’s the test for hydrogen?
What’s the test for oxygen?
What are some of the physical properties of the alkali metals?
Which gas is produced when alkali metals react with water?
What happens to stars near the end of their lives dependent on their size?
What is the extra step that a massive star takes in its “death”
It becomes a supernova
What is the name of the process by which elements are made in stars?
Nuclear Fusion
What happens during Nuclear Fusion?
Nuclei of lighter elements “fuse” together to make heavier elements
What conditions are need for Nuclear fusion to happen?
Enormour Pressure
Very High Temperatures
What are some properties and uses of copper
What is a compound?
A substance made up of 2 elements
What is “electrolysis”?
The breaking apart of a compound using electricity
What kind of power supply is needed for electrolysis?
DC
(Direct Current)
Whys do we use graphite electrodes?
- Graphite conducts electricity
- Graphite is unreactive
At which electrode did the copper form when copper chloride was electrolysed?
The negative electrode
What are the 3 particles in an atom?
Protons
Neutrons
Electrons
What are the charges on each particle in an atom?
Protons +1
Electrons -1
Neutrons 0
Which 2 particles have a mass of 1?
Protons and Neutrons
Why are atoms neutrally charged?
They have equal numbers of protons and electrons
What does the group number tell you?
The number of outer electrons
