Elements 3: Form

Question 1

C3-4 Hyphen-When should a hyphen be used in a combined adjective?

Answer 1

A hyphen is required when two or more words are combined to form a compound adjective.

However, do not use a hyphen between words that can better be written as one word.

Question 2

C3-6 Numerals-When should dates or other serial numbers be spelled out?

Answer 2

Generally dates and other serial numbers should not be spelled out. The exception is in dialogue.

Question 3

C3-7 Parentheses-how should an expression within parantheses be punctuated?

Answer 3

The expression within the marks is punctuated as if it stood by itself, except that a final stop is ommited unless it is a question mark or an excalamation point.

However a wholly detached sentance within parantheses end in a full stop before the last mark.

Question 4

C3-8 Form-What are the guidelines on the use of quotations?

Answer 4

Formal quotations used cited as documentary evidence are introduced by a colon and enclosed in quotation marks.

A quotation in apposition or the direct object of a verb is preceded by a comma and enclosed in quotation marks.

When a quotation is followed by an attributive phrase , the comma is enclosed within quotation marks -> “I can’t attend,” she said.

When quotations of an entire line or more are to be distinguished from text matter, begin on a new line and indent after a colon. Quotation marks should not be used.

Quotation introduced by that are indirect discourse and not enclosed in quotation marks

Proverbial expressions / familiar expressions require no quotation marks.

Question 5

9 References-how should frequent references in scholarly texts be communicated? where should they be communicated?

Answer 5

Generally references should be provided in brackets in abbreviated form (with the full form at the end of the document)

Question 6

C3-11 Titles-what font should be used for titles of literary works?

Answer 6

Capitalized italics; author names not italicized