Elements Flashcards
What is an element?
A substance that contains only one type of atom
What are chemical symbols?
One- or two-letter codes for elements
True or False: Chemical symbols vary by language.
False
What is the chemical symbol for magnesium?
Mg
What is the chemical symbol for gold?
Au
Fill in the blank: The chemical symbol for sodium is _______.
Na
What is the chemical symbol for iron?
Fe
What is the proper format for writing a chemical symbol?
First letter capitalized, second letter lowercase
Why can’t a substance that breaks down into two different substances be an element?
Because elements cannot be broken down into simpler substances
Suggest two advantages of using the same chemical symbols for elements in every language.
- Universal understanding
- Consistency in scientific communication
What is the chemical symbol for carbon?
C
What is the chemical symbol for nitrogen?
N
What is the chemical symbol for chlorine?
Cl
What is the chemical symbol for zinc?
Zn
What is an atom?
The smallest part of an element that can exist
Atoms are the basic building blocks of matter.
How many types of atom exist?
About 100 types of atom
There are approximately 100 elements that exist naturally.
What state is gold in at room temperature?
Solid
Gold is in solid state at room temperature but can melt at 1063°C.
Fill in the blank: The atoms of an element are the _______.
same as each other
All atoms of a single element share identical properties.
What is a compound?
A pure substance made up of atoms of two or more elements that are strongly joined together.
How are molecules represented in particle diagrams?
Molecules, elements, mixtures, and compounds can be represented using particle diagrams.
What are the constituents of a water molecule?
One oxygen atom joined to two hydrogen atoms.
What distinguishes the properties of a compound from its constituent elements?
The properties of a compound are different from the properties of the elements it is made up of.
True or False: Hydrogen is a liquid at room temperature.
False
What is the scientific name for salt?
Sodium chloride.
Which has a higher boiling point: water or hydrogen?
Water.
Describe one difference in properties between sodium chloride and sodium.
Sodium chloride is not smelly or poisonous, whereas sodium is a shiny metal that reacts vigorously with water.
Fill in the blank: A molecule is a group of _______ or more atoms strongly joined together.
[two]
Summarize the difference in properties between hydrogen, oxygen, and water.
Hydrogen is a gas, oxygen is also a gas, but water has different properties as a liquid.
How can you classify a substance using particle diagrams?
By identifying the arrangement and types of atoms present.
What are the three classifications of substances based on particle diagrams?
Element, mixture, compound
These classifications help in understanding the structure and composition of substances.
What is a chemical formula?
A representation that shows the elements present in a compound and the relative number of atoms of each element
It provides essential information about the composition of a substance.
Name the two elements that make up carbon dioxide.
Carbon and oxygen
Carbon dioxide consists of one carbon atom and two oxygen atoms.
What is the chemical formula of carbon dioxide?
CO2
It indicates one carbon atom for every two oxygen atoms.
What is the chemical formula for carbon monoxide?
CO
It indicates one carbon atom for every oxygen atom.
Which compound has a higher proportion of oxygen: nitrogen dioxide or another compound?
Nitrogen dioxide
Calculating the ratio of oxygen in different compounds helps in comparing their compositions.
What are the names of compounds made of oxygen and another element typically called?
Oxides
The naming convention involves using the second word ‘oxide’.
What is the name of the compound formed from sodium and chlorine?
Sodium chloride
In this compound, chlorine becomes chloride.
Name the compound with the formula SO2.
Sulfur dioxide
It consists of one sulfur atom and two oxygen atoms.
What is the chemical formula for sodium hydroxide?
NaOH
It includes sodium, oxygen, and hydrogen atoms.
What does the formula of copper sulfate represent?
CuSO4
It shows the presence of copper, sulfur, and oxygen atoms.
Complete the sentence: The formula of carbon dioxide is _______.
CO2
This indicates the specific composition of carbon dioxide.
True or False: Carbon monoxide is a safe compound to breathe in.
False
Carbon monoxide is poisonous and can be deadly.
What is the chemical formula for potassium hydroxide?
KOH
It includes potassium, oxygen, and hydrogen atoms.
List the elements present in sodium nitrate.
- Sodium
- Nitrogen
- Oxygen
The formula for sodium nitrate is NaNO3.
In a chemical formula, where should the numbers indicating the number of atoms be placed?
To the right of their chemical symbol, smaller than the chemical symbols
This formatting is essential for clarity in chemical representations.
What is the chemical formula for sulfur trioxide?
SO3
It consists of one sulfur atom and three oxygen atoms.
Fill in the blank: A molecule of carbon dioxide is made up of one carbon atom and _______ atoms of oxygen.
two
This is essential for understanding the structure of carbon dioxide.
What is carbon monoxide?
A compunction made of Carbon, and oxygen
How do you name compounds?
Compounds made of oxygen and another element have two-word names. The second word oxide.
What is a chemical formula?
A chemical formula shows the elements present in a compound. It also shows the relative number of atoms of each element that are in the compound. The relative number means how many types of that atom there are in the compound.
What does a hydroxide include?
What is the symbol?
It includes hydrogen and oxygen atoms.
NaOH
What are groups?
In the periodic table, the vertical columns are called grapes. The elements in a group have similar properties going down a group patterns occur.
What are periods?
The horizontal rise the periodic table are called period going across a period that our patterns in the properties of the elements.
What does group 1 consist of?
Reactive and alkaline metals they are very good at conducting heat and electricity.
Are there trends in group 1?
The melting points decreases, when they reacted with water they make hydrogen gas.
What does group 7 consist of?
Group 7 are all halogens and are all non metals,
What are the trends of group 7?
The melting points decreases from top to bottom, the colour of the elements get darker as from top to bottom.
What does group 0 consist of?
These are Nobel gases
Why are some trends in group 0?
They are all unrecative the boiling point increase as you go down
Why is displacement?
Displacement is when a more reactive element comes into contact with a less reactive element the more reactive elements replaces the less reactive one.
What is an atom?
The smallest partical of an atom that can exist
