Element 2 Flashcards
Supporting Education
What 3 things does the EYFS Framework aim to provide? (2.1)
Quality and Consistency
A Secure Foundation
Equality of Opportunity
What do the EYFS learning and development requirements cover? (2.1)
Child’s brain development and readiness for KS1
The 7 areas of learning and development
Assessment arrangements
What are the 7 Areas of Learning and Development? (2.1)
Communication and Language, Physical Development, Personal, Social and Emotional Development, Literacy, Mathematics, Understanding the World and Expressive Art and Design.
Which of the 7 Areas of Learning and Development are Prime areas? (2.1)
Communication and Language, Physical Development and Personal, Social and Emotional Development.
What does the term “Prime areas” mean? (2.1)
Important for learning and forming relationships.
Which of the 7 Areas of Learning and Development are Specific areas? (2.1)
Literacy, Mathematics, Understanding the World and Expressive Art and Design.
What does the term “Specific areas” mean? (2.1)
Strengthen and develop the prime areas and ignite children’s curiosity and enthusiasm.
What are the ELG’s related to Communication and Language? (2.1)
Listening, Attention, Understanding and Speaking
What are the ELG’s related to PSED (Personal, Social and Emotional Development)? (2.1)
Self-regulation, Managing Self and Building Relationships
What are the ELG’s related to Physical Development? (2.1)
Gross Motor Skills and Fine Motor Skills
What are the ELG’s related to Literacy? (2.1)
Comprehension, Word Reading and Writing
What are the ELG’s related to Mathematics? (2.1)
Number and Numerical Patterns
What are the ELG’s related to Understanding the World? (2.1)
Past and Present, People, Culture and Communities and The Natural World
What are the ELG’s related to Expressive Art and Design? (2.1)
Creating with Materials and Being Imaginative and Expressive.
What is the 2-Year Progress Check and what is it’s qualities? (2.1)
Taken at 2 years and 8 months. It must highlight areas where the child is progressing well, where additional support is needed and focus on areas of concerns that may indicate SEND.
What is the RBA and what is it’s qualities? (2.1)
Taken 6 weeks into Reception, covers all intakes in Reception within the academic year, SEND children may be exempt.
What is the EYFSP and what is it’s qualities? (2.1)
Completed in the final term of Reception, provides a rounded picture of a child’s knowledge, understanding and abilities, their attainment against expected levels and their readiness for Year 1, must be completed for all children.
What are the 3 characteristics of effective learning and teaching? (2.1)
Playing and exploring, active learning and creating and thinking critically.
What are the core subjects on the National Curriculum? (2.1)
English, Maths, Science and RE (in some schools).
What are the foundation subjects of the National Curriculum? (2.1)
Art and Design, Citizenship (PSHE), Computing, Design and Technology, Languages, Geography, History, Music and PE.
What other subjects are schools required to teach? (2.1)
Worship and Religious Education and Relationships and Sex Education (SRE).
At KS4, what subjects must pupils continue to study? (2.1)
English, Maths and Science
At KS4, what subjects are pupils permitted to choose to study? (2.1)
Arts, Design and Technology, Humanities and MFL.
How can adults support children’s development as learners (creativity and thinking critically)? (2.2)
Value questions, give feedback and model being a thinker.
How can adults support children’s development as learners (active learning)? (2.2)
Encourage children to persist with difficulties, support and encourage relationships, be explicit in giving feedback on behaviour.
What does ‘attribute’ mean? (2.2)
A quality or feature of a person or thing, one that is important to their nature.
What are some examples of professional behaviours? (2.2)
Empathy, Patience and Knowledge.
What are 2 examples of attributes of a good teacher/teaching assistant and how can it support children? (2.2)
Patience: dealing with young children can be challenging, willing to help each student.
Creativity: new and innovative ways to teach, behaviour management.
What is the theory of Behaviourism? (2.3)
Focuses on observable behaviours and the role of environmental stimuli in shaping behaviour.
Who are the key theorists of Behaviourism? (2.3)
Ivan Pavlov, John Watson and B.F Skinner
What was Ivan Pavlov’s experiment and what did it prove? (2.3)
Pavlov’s Dogs: the dogs were conditioned into salivating anytime they heard a bell. It proved that behaviour is learned.
What was John Watson’s experiment and what did it prove? (2.3)
Little Albert: the baby was shown a rat and had no response, then followed by a loud bang causing the baby to cry. Anytime the baby saw the rat it would cry. Proved that it’s possible to condition fear in infants.
What was Ivan B.F Skinner’s experiment and what did it prove? (2.3)
Skinner’s Box: rats learnt that if they pressed the correct button (positive reinforcement) they would be rewarded with food, but if they pressed the wrong one they would be punished with an electric shock (negative reinforcement). Proved humans and animals learn through exploring the environment.
Which behaviourism theorists believed in classical conditioning? (2.3)
Ivan Pavlov and John Watson.
Which behaviourism theorists believed in operant conditioning? (2.3)
B.F Skinner.
State three reasons why can behaviourism be difficult to enforce in education. (2.3)
Continuity, Motivation and Unethical.
What is a stimuli? (2.3)
“Triggers” or the “what happened” part of the process.
What is classical conditioning? (2.3)
When stimuli is presented first, creates a behaviour response that can be both positive or negative.
What is operant conditioning? (2.3)
Environmental impact, the strength of a behaviour is modified by the reinforcement or punishment.
What is a positive reinforcer? (2.3)
Something that is likely to increase the chances of an action being repeated.
What is a negative reinforcer? (2.3)
Something that makes us repeat a behaviour but usually to stop something from occurring.
What is a punishment? (2.3)
Usually avoided and are likely to stop us from repeating behaviours.
What is an antecedent? (2.3)
A stimuli that signal expected behaviour/responses.
What is a consequence? (2.3)
A stimuli that encourages or reduces the occurrence of the behaviour.
What is the continuity of reinforcements? (2.3)
Long-term reinforcements become habits.
What is the association of experience? (2.3)
The students motivation for learning is dependent on the teachers response.
What is Constructivism? (2.3)
An approach that recognises the active processes taking place for children in learning and development.
What are Bruner’s three modes of representation? (2.3)
Enactive: 0-1 years, learning and thought take place because of physical movement.
Iconic: 1-6 years, thoughts are developed as mental images.
Symbolic: 7+ years, thinking can be encoded using symbols such as language or numbers.
What’s Bloom’s taxonomy? (2.3)
Underpinning evidence, list of verbs used to structure objectives and learning outcome, categorising educational goals.
How is High Scope used in education relating to the cognitive approach? (2.3)
Teachers provide challenging experiences that are matched to student’s stages of development.
How is Project-Based learning used in education relating to the cognitive approach? (2.3)
Students engage in real-life problems, such as designing a product and are responsible for choices, decisions and solutions.
How is Virtual Reality used in education relating to the cognitive approach? (2.3)
Using digital technologies in a simulated real-world environment to test out their ideas and have an instant result to their actions.
What is social constructivism? (2.3)
Emphasises the importance of social interactions in the learning process.
What are the 3 things that are involved in social constructivism and what do they mean? (2.3)
Active: a social process between peers and teachers
Interactions: students understanding and knowledge of the world are based on the quality of their interactions with others
Environment: the learning environment, home environment, culture, and society can influence the quality of interactions
What was Lev Vygotsky’s belief? (2.3)
Children’s understanding and thinking could be developed through interactions with adults and other peers. He believed children are apprentices and learn from watching, interacting with others and being coached by adults or older children.
What is the Too Easy Zone in relation to Vygotsky’s theory? (2.3)
What the child can do now.
What is the ZPD in relation to Vygotsky’s theory? (2.3)
Zone of Proximal Development. The space between what the learner can do and what the learner can do with support from a MKO.
What is the Too Hard Zone in relation to Vygotsky’s theory? (2.3)
What the child has the potential to do.
What does MKO mean? (2.3)
More Knowledgeable Other.
What is Jerome Bruner’s theory in relation to social constructivism? (2.3)
During ZPD, adults must observe the child closely and provide appropriate challenges that support the child’s learning.
What are some criticisms of Vygotsky’s theories? (2.3)
Small sample size
Lack of diversity
Potential bias
What is ‘scaffolding’? (2.3)
Giving the child a task that isn’t too easy, but challenges them enough to promote learning.
What is the Spiral Curriculum? (2.3)
Introducing a topic and every time it’s re-introduced, its slightly more difficult.
What learning type did Bergmann and Sams introduce and what is it? (2.3)
Flipped learning, preparing students with some knowledge of a topic before a class so the lesson builds on that knowledge.
How does social constructivism link to practice? (2.3)
Modelling: teacher models how to complete a task.
Commentary: develop student’s vocab through teachers talking through what they are doing.
Flipped learning: provide materials before a lesson.
What is Humanism? (2.3)
A type of philosophy that views people as essentially good people.
What are the key features of humanism? (2.3)
Hollistic learning, student- centred, self-actualisation and agency.
What was Carl Rogers theory? (2.3)
The importance of having meaningful experiences (“experiential learning”) and a positive climate for learning to take place.
What does the Experiental Learning theory involve? (2.3)
Personal development, pervasive and influences the learner, self initiated, evaluated by the learner and essence of meaning is built into the experience.
