Electrostatics

Question 1

Name the particles of an atom

Answer 1

Proton
Neutron
Electron

Question 2

Where is the proton located

Answer 2

in the nucleus

Question 3

Where is the neutron located

Answer 3

in the nucleus

Question 4

Where is the electron located

Answer 4

orbiting round

Question 5

What is the charge of a proton

Answer 5

+1

Question 6

What is the charge of the neutron

Answer 6

0

Question 7

What is the charge of an electron

Answer 7

-1

Question 8

What is the mass of a proton

Answer 8

1

Question 9

What is the mass of a neutron

Answer 9

1

Question 10

What is the mass of an electron

Answer 10

1 / 2000

Question 11

Atoms are mostly…

Answer 11

empty space

Question 12

What is the particle called in Rutherford’s experiment

Answer 12

alpha particle

Question 13

What were the alpha particles fired at in Rutherford’s experiment

Answer 13

thin gold foil

Question 14

What happened when the alpha particles were fired at the thin gold foil

Answer 14

most of them went straight through

Question 15

When the alpha particles went straight through the thin gold foil, what did this show

Answer 15

that atoms are mostly empty space

Question 16

What happened to the alpha particles OCCASIONALLY when passing through the thin gold foil

Answer 16

they came straight back instead

Question 17

What does an alpha particle contain (atoms)

Answer 17

2 protons and 2 neutrons

Question 18

What is the overall charge of an alpha particle

Answer 18

positive / +2

Question 19

What did it show when some alpha particles came back toward Rutherford, rather than passing through the thin gold foil

Answer 19

This shows there must be a positive charge which is at the centre of the atom

Question 20

What is between the nucleus and the electrons

Answer 20

a large amount of empty space

Question 21

What do like charges do

Answer 21

repel

Question 22

What do unlike charges do

Answer 22

attract

Question 23

Which part of an atom can move

Answer 23

electron

Question 24

Objects become positively charged because they have ____ electrons

Answer 24

lost

Question 25

Objects become negatively charged because they have ______ electrons

Answer 25

gained

Question 26

HOW do objects become charged

Answer 26

by rubbing two insulators together

Question 27

What are insulators

Answer 27

a material that doesn't transmit energy easily

Question 28

What are conductors

Answer 28

a material that allows electricity

Question 29

WHY do objects become charged

Answer 29

when electrons are transferred of removed from an object

Question 30

What are the dangers of electrostatics

Answer 30

aeroplanes and tankers become charged due to friction in the air and can set fire, for example. we need to prevent electrostatic shocks

Question 31

Explain how paint sprayers work

Answer 31

nozzle charges the paint oppositely to bike. paint attracted to bike ( little waste ) and repels itself ( even coat ).

Question 32

Explain how earthing cables work

Answer 32

if enough charge builds up on something electrons may be pulled through the air and cause sparks. this can be dangerous. to prevent charge building up, objects can be earthed; they can be connected to the ground by a conductor so that unwanted charge flows away.

Question 33

Explain how smoke precipitators work

Answer 33

smoke passes through a grid of wires and becomes charged. it sticks to oppositely charged plate in chimney. the electricity is turned off and the plates are banged together to reduce soot.

Question 34

Explain how lightning rods work

Answer 34

to avoid electrostatic shock, we must use the rod to pass electrons safely to the ground.

Question 35

What does the bottom number mean on the charge of a symbol

Answer 35

atomic number : the number of protons which is the same as the number of electrons

Question 36

What does the top number mean on the charge of a symbol

Answer 36

atomic mass : the number of neutrons + protons