Atomic Structure and Electrostatics Flashcards
Name the particles in the atom
Proton
Neutron
Electron
Where is the proton located in the atom
in the nucleus
Where is the neutron located in the atom
in the nucleus
Where is the electron located in the atom
orbiting round
What is the charge of a proton
+1
What is the charge of a neutron
0
What is the charge of an electron
-1
What is the mass of a proton
1
What is the mass of a neutron
1
What is the mass of an electron
1 / 2000
An atom is mostly …
… empty space
How does Rutherford’s experiment show us atoms are empty space
because alpha particles pass straight through the thin gold foil
HOW do objects become charged
by rubbing two insulators together
WHY do objects become charged
when electrons are transferred of removed from an object
What do like charged do
repel
What do unlike charged do
attract
What is the dangers of a lightning rod
to avoid electrostatic shock, we must use the rod to pass electrons safely to the ground
What is the dangers of an earthing cable
aeroplanes and tankers become charged due to friction with the air
the cable allows the electrons to flow into the ground preventing sparks which could cause:
- fire
- explosions.
Name 4 electrostatics
- lightning rod
- paint sprayer
- smoke precipitator
- earthing cables
How does a paint sprayer work
- nozzle charges the paint oppositely to bike
- paint attracted to bike = little waste
- paint repels itself = even coat
How does a smoke precipitator work
- smoke passes through a wire grid and becomes charged
- attracts to the oppositely charged plates above
- plates are turned off and banged together to gather soot = cleaner air
How does Rutherford’s experiment show that the centre of the atom is positively charged
the positive charge of alpha particles are repelled by the nucleus’ positive charge
