Electronic structures

Question 1

how are ionic bonds formed?

Answer 1

the positive sodium ions and the negative chloride ions are strongly attached to each other. This electrostatic attraction forms ionic bonds

Question 2

Giant ionic structures

Answer 2

ionic compounds consist of giant lattice structures of ions
it is hard to break this lattice as it has a strong electrostatic force working on every direction, so that means that ionic compounds have high melting & boiling points
when these lattices are broken down, they separate out, become mobile & start to move around, they are attracted to the oppositely charged molten compound, so they carry an electric charge through the liquid

Question 3

ionic solid

Answer 3

ions are fixed in a position in the giant lattice , they vibrate but they cannot move around,
they do not conduct electricity

Question 4

molten ionic compound

Answer 4

High temperatures overcome the electrostatic force between ions
ions are free to move around within the compound
this does conduct electricity

Question 5

ionic compound in solution

Answer 5

Water molecules separate ions from the lattice, ions are free to move around in the solution
this does conduct electricity

Question 6

Covalent Bonding

Answer 6

When non metals react together, they are held together by the shared electrons to form molecules

Question 7

Simple molecules

Answer 7

the atoms of non metals generally tend to gain electrons to form stable electronic structures. when they react together neither atoms can give away electrons, so they get the electronic structure of a noble gas , they are then held together by the shared electrons, this makes a strong bond