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Chemistry Unit 1.1 > Electronic Structure > Flashcards

Electronic Structure Flashcards

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1
Q

What do electrons have in the currently accepted model of the atom?

A

Fixed energies.

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2
Q

What do electrons do in the currently accepted model of the atom?

A

They move around the nucleus in certain regions of the atom called shells or energy levels.

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3
Q

What are the shells given in the currently accepted model of the atom?

A

A number called the principal quantum number.

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4
Q

What happens when the shells are further away from the nucleus in the currently accepted model of the atom?

A
  • It has a higher energy.

* It has a larger quantum number.

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5
Q

What do experiments show about the electrons in a shell?

A

That not all the electrons in a shell have exactly the same energy.

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6
Q

What do different electron shells have?

A

Different numbers of sub-shells, which each have a different energy.

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7
Q

What can sub-shells be?

A
  • s sub-shells
  • p sub-shells
  • d sub-shells
  • f sub-shells
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8
Q

How many sub-shells does the first electron shell contain?

A

One sub shell, 1s.

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9
Q

How many sub-shells does the second electron shell contain?

A

Two sub shells, 2s and 2p.

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10
Q

How many sub-shells does the third electron shell contain?

A

Three sub-shells, 3s, 3p and 3d.

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11
Q

How many sub-shells does the fourth electron shell contain?

A

Four sub-shells, 4s, 4p, 4d and 4f.

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12
Q

What do all the sub-shells have?

A

Different numbers of orbitals.

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13
Q

How many electrons can each orbital hold?

A

2

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14
Q

How many electrons can the s sub-shell hold?

A

2

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15
Q

How many electrons can the p sub-shell hold?

A

6

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16
Q

How many electrons can the d sub-shell hold?

A

10

17
Q

How many electrons can the f sub-shell hold?

A

14

18
Q

How many orbitals do the s sub-shells have?

A

1

19
Q

How many orbitals do the p sub-shells have?

A

3

20
Q

How many orbitals do the d sub-shells have?

A

5

21
Q

How many orbitals do the f sub-shells have?

A

7

22
Q

How man electrons can the first shell hold?

A

2

23
Q

How many electrons can the second shell hold?

A

8

24
Q

How many electrons can the third shell hold?

A

18

25
Q

How many electrons can the fourth shell hold?

A

32

26
Q

What is electron configuration?

A

The number of electrons that an atom or ion has, and how they are arranged.

27
Q

What are the ways of showing electron configurations?

A
  • Sub-shell notation
  • Arrows in boxes
  • Energy level diagrams
28
Q

How do you show electron configurations using sub-shell notation?

A

image

29
Q

How do you show electron configurations using arrows in boxes?

A
  • Each of the boxes represents one orbital.
  • Each arrow represents one electron.
  • The up and down arrows represents the electrons spinning in different directions.
  • Only two electrons can occupy one orbital.

image

30
Q

How do you show electron configurations using energy level diagrams?

A

image

31
Q

What doe energy level diagrams show?

A
  • The energy of the electrons in different orbitals.
  • The number of electrons
  • The arrangement of electrons.
32
Q

What rule applies to the electron configurations of ions?

A

You add or remove electrons for ions from the s and p blocks of the periodic table

33
Q

What rule applies while showing electron configurations using arrows in boxes?

A

The electrons fill orbitals in a sub-shell singly before they start sharing.

image

34
Q

What rules applies to all electron configurations?

A
  • The electrons fill up the lowest energy sub-shells first.

* The 4s sub-shell has a lower energy than the 3d sub-shell, so it fills up first.

35
Q

What are shortened electron configurations?

A

When noble gas symbols in square brackets are used to shorthand electron configurations.

image

Chemistry Unit 1.1 (7 decks)

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