Electronic Fuel Fundamentals Flashcards

1
Q

Actuator

A

An output device that receives signals from the ECM. It converts the signal into a particular action

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2
Q

What is an analog signal?

A

A waveform that has a continual change in amplitude

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3
Q

Digital signal

A

Is either on or off between two fixed voltages (commonly 0 to 5V with ECM circuits)

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4
Q

Parameter

A

A programmable feature, value or instruction that affects vehicle operation characteristics

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5
Q

Pulse width modulation

A

Occurs when a circuit is turned on and off. The width is the time that the circuit is turned on.

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6
Q

What are sensors?

A

Input devices that monitor pressures, temps, levels, or mechanical movements. Sometimes are sometimes referred to as transducers

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7
Q

Input devices that the operator controls are referred to as?

A

Function switches

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8
Q

What does the ECM input control consist of?

A

Converters and amplifiers that modify the sensor signal.

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9
Q

The process of converting analog signal to a digital signal is called?

A

Encoding

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10
Q

ECM microprocessor

A

Sometimes referred to as the central processing unit (CPU). It is the brain or control section. Makes output decisions by comparing inputs to stored values and then generates outputs.

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11
Q

What are the two memory systems that are most relevant?

A

RAM - random access memory

EEPROM - Electronically erasable programmable read only memory

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12
Q

Multiplexing

A

A method of connecting computer controlled systems and allowing them to communicate through a common network

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13
Q

The backbone

A

Is the method of connection for a network, such as wires or fibre optic cables, often referred to as the data bus. Common backbone is a twisted pair of wires that are shielded to prevent EMI

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14
Q

What is baud rate?

A

The speed of data transfer over the network, commonly measured in kilo baud per second (kbps)

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15
Q

What are the 3 basic functions of the warning/shut-down system?

A

Warn operator of an engine or system malfunctions
De-rate or shut-down the engine when damaging conditions exist
Generate fault codes to assist with system diagnosis

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16
Q

What are the 3 levels of engine protection that can be programmed into an ECM?

A

Warning only
Warning and de-rate
Warning, de-rate and shutdown

17
Q

What are the sensor voltages used in most systems?

A

Starting from a 5V reference, return voltages from the sensors should be between 0.5V and 4.5V

18
Q

Protocol is what?

A

The common language used between control modules

19
Q

Engine manufacturer codes can be separated into what two sections?

A

Engine protection codes

System fault detection codes

20
Q

FMI?

A

Failure mode identifier

21
Q

SID

A

System identification

22
Q

PID

A

Parameter identification

23
Q

In temp sensor an open will result in what?

A

Sensor circuit voltage high

24
Q

What took is used to hook up to engines?

A

DDL diagnostic data link

25
Q

List five features of electronically controlled fuel systems?

A
  1. limited or variable speed governor controls
  2. multiple horsepower ratings
  3. starting aid control
  4. cold start and warm up mode
  5. machine speed limiting
  6. cruise control
  7. engine warning and shutdown systems
  8. self diagnostics
26
Q

Flow limiting valves are typically calibrated to shut the of the fuel to the injector when it exceeds about _____ times normal flow rate.

A

1.5 times

27
Q

Pressure limiting valve on a High Pressure Common Rail will open if the injection pressure in the rail exceed the normal max value by approximately ______ to _______.

A

2,000 psi to 3000 psi

28
Q

Depending on the system, the high pressure pup takes fuel from the low pressure system and raises it to injection pressure, which will varies from ______ to ______.

A

4,000 psi to 26,000 psi

29
Q

HEUI injectors are ________ actuated and _________ controlled.

A

hydraulically

electronically

30
Q

Injection Actuation pressure will range from approximately _______ psi to ______ psi.

A

870 psi 3,500psi

31
Q

HEUI systems operation is dependent on the interaction that occurs between four subsystems. The subsystems are?

A

electronic control
fuel transfer
hydraulic actuation
HEUI injectors

32
Q

The injection process can be broken down to four stages which are?

A

pre injection
injection
end of injection
fill

33
Q

The three main sensors monitored to control the injection process are?

A

throttle position
intake manifold pressure (turbo boost)
engine speed and timing

34
Q

What two common data link connectors?

A

J1939 nine pin deutsch connector

J1708/j1587 six pin deutsch connector