electron transport Flashcards
The electron transport/oxidative phosphorylation pathway consists of a chain of enzymes and other molecules that results in a high yield
of _______ molecules (metabolic energy)
ATP
In eukaryotic cells, these processes take place in ___________,
as does the TCA cycle
mitochondria
The electron transport/oxidative phosphorylation proteins are
integral membrane proteins of the inner mitochondrial
______________.
membrane
During electron transport, a ________ gradient is established across the
inner mitochondrial membrane.
proton
During ___________, the movement of protons through
the ATP synthase enzyme in the inner mitochondrial membrane
leads to the synthesis of ATP molecules.
oxidative phosphorylation
T or F: The TCA cycle (citric acid cycle) and electron transport/oxidative phosphorylation
pathway are linked by the protons and electrons bound to ATP
FALSE
________is a carrier for protons and electrons in
electron transport:
NADH → NAD+ + H+ + 2e -
NADH
Protons and electrons are both required in the
reaction involving _________:
½ O2 + 2H+ + 2e - → H2 O
oxygen
NAD+ and NADH have central roles in energy generation in the ____________.
mitochondria
T or F: The mitochondria is the size of an E. Coli bacteria
True
the inner membrane of the mitochondria is home to the 4 _____________ __________.
Protein complexes
Human mitochondrial DNA encode 13 proteins, 22 tRNAs and _ rRNAs.
2
In the electron transport chain, electrons and protons are transferred between the protein complexes by
coenzyme Q (UQ) and cytochrome c (cytc). This leads to the transport of protons across the ______
mitochondrial membrane by Complexes I, III, and IV to generate a proton ________ across the membrane.
Inner and gradient
Protons are transported from the mitochondrial
matrix to the intermembrane space by
Complexes ________, _______and ________.
I, III, and IV
The transport of electrons and protons between
the protein complexes is brought about by:
a) Coenzyme Q (CoQ or UQ [ubiquinone])
(b) Cytochrome c (Cytc)
The ETC chain happens between the _________space and the ________ of the mitochondria.
intermembrane and matrix
For example, Complex I has the enzyme name NADH coenzyme Q
reductase, and is also known as _____________ because it contains
the coenzyme flavin mononucleotide (FMN).
flavoprotein 1
As another example, ________ is also known as succinate-
coenzyme Q reductase and as flavoprotein 2, because it binds the
coenzyme flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD).
Complex II
FMN and FAD are derivatives of _________ (vitamin B2 )
riboflavin
what is the most important protein in the three pathways to making atp?
ATP Synthase
The __ unit catalyzes ATP synthesis.
F1
The F0 unit forms a ____________ pore or channel through which protons move to drive ATP synthesis.
transmembrane
complexes a, b and c are part of which integral membrane protein complex?
F0
The electron transport/oxidative phosphorylation enzymes produce a proton gradient that
results in ____________ _________ in ATP synthase and leads to ATP synthesis.
conformational changes
There are specific channels in the mitochondrial membrane that allow only NADH to pass through.
FALSE, it is liked to the oxloacetate to produce malate and is transported across the membrane
The NADH produced by glycolysis in the cytosol cannot pass through the inner mitochondrial
membrane.
TRUE
herefore, the H+ of NADH, and free H+ , are linked to oxaloacetate in the cytosol to
produce _______, which is readily transported into the mitochondrial matrix.
malate
H + are then added back to NAD+ to regenerate NADH. This effectively transfers NADH from the _________ into the _______.
Cytosol into the matrix
complex I is also called…?
NADH-coenzyme Q reductase
complex II is also called…?
succinate-coenzyme Q reductase
complex III is also called…?
Coenzyme Q-cytochrome c reductase
complex IV is also called…?
cytochrome c oxidase
Each of these large multisubunit complexes is a component of the __________ ___________membrane
inner mitochondrial
Cytochrome c is water soluable?
true
