electron structure Flashcards
what is the formula for how many electrons can fit in each shell
2n^2 where n is the number of electrons
the lower the shell number, the lower the…
energy
what are the subshells labelled as
s,p,d,f
where are the subshells found
1st shell-s subshell
2nd shell- s and p subshell
3rd shell- s, p and d subshell
4th shell-s, p, d and f subshell
how many orbitals are found in a subshell?
S subshell-1 orbital
P subshell-3 orbitals
D subshell-5 orbitals
f-7 orbitals
What is the definition of an atomic orbital
-a region around the nucleus that can hold up to 2 electrons with opposite spins
What is ‘spin’
-a property of an electron and can be up or down
-electrons are drawn as an arrow pointing up or pointing down
what is the shape of an s orbital
spherical
what is the shape of a p orbital
dumb-bell shaped and direction corresponds to the axis
What is Hundt’s rule?
-if 2 orbitals are available at the same energy, electrons will not pair up unless they have to
What is the Aufbau principle?
-electrons go in to the lowest energy orbital that is available
Ion elec config
-when adding electrons, add to 4s before 3d
-when removing electrons, remove from 4s before 3d
