Electron configurations

Question 1

procedure in which the electron configuration of the elements is determined by “building” them in order of atomic numbers, adding one

Answer 1

aufbau principle

Question 2

electron in an atom that occupies the orbitals of the inner shells

Answer 2

core electron

Question 3

electronic structure of an atom in its ground state given as a listing of the orbitals occupied by the electrons

Answer 3

electron configuration

Question 4

Every orbital in a subshell is singly occupied with one electron before any one orbital is doubly occupied, and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals have the same spin.

Answer 4

Hund’s rule

Question 5

pictorial representation of the electron configuration showing each orbital as a box and each electron as an arrow

Answer 5

orbital diagram

Question 6

electrons in the outermost or valence shell (highest value of n) of a ground-state atom that determine how an element reacts

Answer 6

valence electrons

Question 7

outermost shell of electrons in a ground-state atom; for main group elements, the orbitals with the highest n level (s and p subshells) are in the valence shell, while for transition metals, the highest-energy s and d subshells make up the valence shell; for inner transition elements, the highest s, d, and f subshells are included

Answer 7

valence shell

Question 8

specifies that no two electrons in an atom can have the same value for all four quantum numbers

Answer 8

Pauli exclusion principle