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Physics > electron and nucleus > Flashcards

electron and nucleus Flashcards

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1
Q

Properties of electron

A

negative charge, small mass

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2
Q

How are electrons produced in x ray tube

A

thermionic emission

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3
Q

How are electrons accelerated in x ray tube

A

High voltage

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4
Q

Property of tungsten

A

high melting point

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5
Q

Thermionic emission

A

Emission of electrons from surface of a hot metal

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6
Q

photoelectric effect

A

Emission of electrons from the surface of a metal due to electromagnetic radiation of suitable frequency hitting the metal

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7
Q

GJ stoney

A

Irish, named electron

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8
Q

JJ Thompson

A

Used Stoney’s theory to help discover sub atomic particles

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9
Q

Robert Millikan

A

Discovered charge on electron in oil drop expt

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10
Q

Main component of oscilloscope

A

Cathode ray tube

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11
Q

Apparatus of cathode ray tube

A

Glass evacuated tube, thin filament, 2 electrodes, florescent screen

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12
Q

Properties of cathode rays

A

Travel from cathode in straight lines, deflected in electric or magnetic field, produce x rays when strike heavy metals

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13
Q

Applications of cathode ray tubes

A

Old tv screens, cathode ray oscilloscope

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14
Q

X rays

A

electromagnetic waves of high frequency

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15
Q

Half life

A

Time taken for half the nuclei in a radioactive sample to decay is constant

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16
Q

Application of half life

A

Carbon 14 dating

17
Q

Mass vs atomic mass number

A

mass is protons and neutrons, atomic is protons

18
Q

Isotope

A

Variation of same element with a different number of neutrons in the nucleus

19
Q

Rutherford

A

Alpha scattering expt, showed that atom had a central core of positive charge w electrons a good distance outside

20
Q

Bequerel

A

Discovered radiation, detected it w electroscope

21
Q

Function of control rods

A

Absorb neutrons to reduce rate of production of energy

22
Q

Function of moderator

A

Slows down neutrons released by fission to speeds at which they are likely to cause further fission

23
Q

Coolant

A

Removes energy to heat exchanger where steam turns turbines

24
Q

Fuel rods

A

Contain uranium, whose nuclei undergo fission and release energy

25
Q

Advantages of fission

A

Less pollution that F.F, much energy produced

26
Q

Disadvantages of fission

A

risk of meltdown, difficult to dispose of waste

27
Q

Applications of radioactive isotopes

A

Smoke alarms, carbon 14 dating

Physics (5 decks)

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