Electromagnetic spectrum Flashcards
What are radio waves used for?
Broadcasting and communications
Radio waves are essential for transmitting information over long distances.
What is the primary application of microwaves?
Cooking and satellite transmissions
Microwaves are commonly used in household cooking appliances and for communication in satellites.
What technology utilizes infrared radiation?
Heaters and night vision equipment
Infrared is effective in thermal applications and enhancing visibility in low-light conditions.
What is visible light primarily used for?
Optical fibres and photography
Visible light is crucial for visual perception and capturing images.
What are ultraviolet rays commonly associated with?
Fluorescent lamps
Ultraviolet light is used in lighting technology to produce visible light.
What is the use of x-rays?
Observing the internal structure of objects and materials, including for medical applications
X-rays are invaluable in medical diagnostics and material inspection.
What is the application of gamma rays?
Sterilising food and medical equipment
Gamma rays are effective in killing bacteria and ensuring the safety of consumables.
What is the negative effect of microwaves?
Internal heating of body tissue, because water molecules in body absorb microwaves strongly
Microwaves can cause thermal injury if exposure is excessive.
What type of burns can infrared radiation cause?
Skin burns
Infrared radiation can penetrate the skin and result in thermal injuries.
What are the potential damages caused by ultraviolet radiation?
Damage to surface cells and blindness
Ultraviolet radiation can lead to skin cancer and eye damage.
What are the health risks associated with gamma rays?
Cancer and mutation
Gamma rays are highly penetrating and can cause serious biological damage.
What do all transverse waves have in common?
-direction of vibration is perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer
-they have crests and troughs
- They can be reflected, refracted, and diffracted
what are 2 differences between longitudinal and transverse waves?
- transverse waves travel perpendicular to source of wave
- longitudinal travel parallel
- transverse have crests and troughs longitudinal has compressions and rarefactions
ROYGBIV is in order of:
- decreasing wavelength
-increasing refractivity (violet bends most cuz it has short wavelngth)
-increasing frequency
what is the reflection of a sound wave called?
echo
what increases as as the frequency of electromagnetic (EM) waves increases?
energy
shorter wavelength causes more or less ionising radiation?
more
radio waves has the longest or shortest wavelength?
longest
which em wave has highest frequency?
gamma, cuz it has the shortest wavelength
what is amplitude?
measured in meters, amplitude is the displacement between the highest or lowest point and the undisturbed posititon.
what is wavelength?
measured in meters, it is the distance between one point on a wave and the same point on the next wave.
what is frequency?
The number of waves passing a point in a second. measured in Hz.
eg- 5Hz means 5 waves per second.
what is time period?
The time taken for a single wave to pass a point
The period is measured in seconds (s)
what equation do all waves obey?
wave speed equation. v=lambda*frequency
