Electrolytes S&S

Question 1

Hyperkalemia

Answer 1

Hypotension, bradycardia, increased DTR, muscle weakness, heart palpitations (causes: dehydration, diabetes, chronic kidney disease)

Question 2

Hypokalemia

Answer 2

Decreased DTR, muscle cramping/constipation, paralyzed intestines, heart palpitations

Question 3

Hypernatremia

Answer 3

Edema, Excessive thirst, swollen dry tongue, nausea, vomiting, increased muscle tone (causes: diarrhea, kidney dysfunction, and diuretics)

Question 4

Hyponatremia

Answer 4

Seizures, coma, tachycardia, weak thready pulses, respiratory arrest

Question 5

Hyperchloremia

Answer 5

nausea, confusion, swollen dry tongue

Question 6

Hypochloremia

Answer 6

Excessive diarrhea, vomiting, fever,

Question 7

Hypermagensium

Answer 7

Bradycardia, hypotension, decreased DTR, lungs shallow

Question 8

Hypercalcemia/Hypophosphatemia

Answer 8

constipation, bone pain, renal calculi, decreased DTR, muscle weakness

Question 9

Hypocalcemia/ Hyperphosphatemia

Answer 9

Trousseau’s sign, Chvosteks sign, diahrrea